Atom Egoyan

lives. These particles are called atoms, and they are the most basic and indivisible units of matter. They retain their identity through chemical reactions, yet they are so small that even the strongest microscope cannot detect them. The reasoning behind atomic reactions intrigued many intellectuals. To understand more about this concept, they had to comprehend the compositions of these particles. Although the scientist and philosophers could not examine individual atoms, they still were able to…

is composed of discrete units called atoms. The Atomic Theory started in about 400 BCE with a scientist by the name of Democritus. Democritus proposed the idea of the existence of an ultimate particle. He called this particle atomos when he was describing it, because the particle was too small to cut. Next, we get to Leucippus. Leucippus was the man who founded atomism, which is a theoretical approach that states nature consists of two principles, which are atom and void. After Leucippus came…

History of the Theory of Atoms Before the age of modern technology, theories of the atom were still created. Most notably was Democritus who was thought of as being the start of modern science when he first came up with the idea of the atom. It was not until J.J. Thomson changed the way atoms were understood with the discovery of the electron. It was not soon after when Ernst Rutherford disproved Thomson’s model with his gold foil experiment. Finally, Niels Bohr built off Rutherford’s gold foil…

every time they were halved. This view held up for about 2,000 years. The next major change within the scientific field that concerned atoms was when John Dalton proposed his Atomic Theory in 1803. The atomic theory is, all matter is made up of atoms, atoms are indivisible and indestructible, and finally compounds are formed by two or more different kinds of atoms. J.J. Thomson, discovered that…

that many salts and sugars were able to fully dissolve in the water solvent, but corn oil did not (Figure1).The reason salts would dissolve into water solvent because water molecule carried partial positive charge on hydrogen atom and partial negative charge on oxygen atom; they could react with cation and anion from salts that have ionic bonds (Reece, etc. 2011). Therefore, salts such as sodium chloride magnesium sulfate would fully dissolve. Our data indicated that sodium chloride was not…

This lab module covers the subjects of optical spectroscopy of gas discharges and bond stiffness of materials. Optical spectroscopy can be observed using different types of equipment, such as, a spectrometer, a light collecting fiber, and tubes of certain types of gas (He, H2O, H2 and O2). The data collected displays the peak wavelengths for each of the gases, which can be used to determine the energy released when the electrons change energy levels. Overall, it was interesting to see how…

While azulene and naphthalene have the same formula of C10H8, their differing arrangement of carbon atoms in rings causes disparities in their molecular orbitals. As shown in the energy difference calculations below Table 1, naphthalene has an energy difference of -10.184 between its HOMO and LUMO orbitals while azulene has one of +6.904. The low energy difference of naphthalene FMOs would suggest that its HOMO and LUMO orbitals have relatively similar distributions of electron density among odd…

times, these fundamental elements were thought of as water, fire, earth, and air. Around 400 BCE, Democritus and Leucippus developed a theory that explained the composition of everything. They said that all matter was composed of, what they called, atoms. It comes from the Greek word “atomos” which means uncuttable or indivisible. They also believed that each item was made up of its…

proposed the theory that matter could not be divided into smaller and smaller pieces over and over, he called these tiny pieces atomos. This comes from the meaning “cannot be cut”. He thought that atoms were small, hard and were made up of the same things but came in all different shapes and sizes. Atoms were infinite, always jiggling and joining together. More than two thousand years later, in the early 1800’s the Chemist John Dalton came across a new theory…

slightly stronger, which shares the outermost valence electrons with other atoms. Covalent bonding is the attraction which keeps the hydrogen and oxygen atoms together. The key importance for water to have the variety of properties is due to the structure of having hydrogen and oxygen atoms. The oxygen atom is able to hold on to eight electrons in its valence, yet it only has 4 come this these the atom to attract to the hydrogen atoms which are also missing one from there out of most famous to…