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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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漢字が難しいと思っている学生は少なくない。
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Plenty of students think that kanji are difficult.
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N {は／が／も} 少なくない
"many; much; plenty of; not a few' 少なくない is a double negative meaning "many; much" and is commonly used in written language. It cannot modify nouns. For ex. 少なくない人 is a BAD expression. |
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インタネットを通して、色々な情報を得ることが出来る。
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You can obtain various information via the internet.
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N を通して
"through; via" を通して indicates a medium (X) through which someone does something or something happens. X can be things, people, activities or actions. |
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昨夜から今朝にかけて、たくさん雨が降った。
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From last night to this morning it rained alot.
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N1 から N2 にかけて
"from N1 to N2" indicates a span of time or space and is used primarily in written language. |
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ここから隣の町にかけて、スーパーやレストランが並んでいるので、道がとても混む。
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Supermarkets are lined up from here to the next town, so the street is very crowded.
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N1 から N2 にかけて
"from N1 to N2" indicates a span of time or space and is used primarily in written language. |
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今の気温は華氏 (fahrenheit) で50度だから、摂氏で言うと10度ぐらいだ。
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The temperature right now is 50 degrees Fahrenheit, so in terms of Celsius its about 10 degrees.
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"in terms of; in; according to; from the viewpoint of"
で言うと is used to restate something according to a different system or framework (e.g. a calendar, a measurement system, a language, a country's history) |
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各国の代表者が集めって、テロの犯罪について会議を開いた。
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The countries gathered each of their delegates and opened the session related to Terrorism.
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各 + N
"each ~; various" A prefix which adds the meaning "each; various." When the referent of the noun after 各 is unknown, it means "various." |
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ここには各先生のメールアドレスと、各セクションの教室の番号が書いてあります
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Written here are each teacher's mailing address and each section's classroom's number.
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各 + N
"each ~; various" A prefix which adds the meaning "each; various." When the referent of the noun after 各 is unknown, it means "various." |
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あのレストランは、安いばかりでなく、とてもおいしい。
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That restaurant is not only inexpensive, it is very delicious.
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S ばかりでなく
This structure is similar to XだけでなくY(も). It is usually used in written language. |
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京都には日本内からばかりなく、世界中から観光客が来る。
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There are not only native Japanese in Kyoto, but sightseers from all over the world.
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N1(part) ばかりでなく N2(part) +(も）
This structure is similar to XだけでなくY(も). It is usually used in written language. |
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このさむらい風の人形は、いくらですか。
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How much is this doll that looks like a samurai?
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N1 風の N2
"~style; ~type; look like" 風 is a suffix and is added to nouns to make no–adjectives. X風 means "X style/type" or "looks like X" |
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このドレスは着物風だ。
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This dress is kimono style.
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N風だ。
"~style; ~type; look like" 風 is a suffix and is added to nouns to make no–adjectives. X風 means "X style/type" or "looks like X" |
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言葉は時代と共に変化する。
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Words evolve along with the era.
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Nと共に
"with; along with; as" indicates that someone does something or that something happens with N. |
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みんなが同時に話さないで、一人ずつ順番話して下さい。
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Don't all talk at the same time, talk one at a time, in turns, please.
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{Number +(counter)} +ずつ
"per/a; at a time; each; (little) by (little)" The number/amount X+ずつ indicates that someone does something (or something happens) with X as the unit. |
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ホテルのビュッフェで色々な種類の料理をちょっとずつ食べてみた。
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Little by little I tried the various types of food at the hotel's buffet.
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non–specific amount expression + ずつ
"per/a; at a time; each; (little) by (little)" The number/amount X+ずつ indicates that someone does something (or something happens) with X as the unit. |
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このゲームは子供から大人に至るまで、誰でも楽しめます。
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From children all the way to adults, anyone can enjoy this game.
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N1 から N2 に至まで
"from N1 all the way through N2; from N1 to even N2." This construction indicates a span of time or space and emphasizes the size of that span at the same time. It can also be used for other than spatial or temporal spans, as seen here. Primarily used in written language. |
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友達同士で話し合って下さい。
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Talk among your friends, please.
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N同士 {が／で／を}
Indicates that Ns do something together, that Ns do something to/for/against each other, or that someone puts Ns together in some way. |
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自分で出来ることば、自分ですべきだ。
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Things that you can do yourself, you ought to do yourself.
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V. plain.non–past.aff べき
{だ／じゃない／ではない／だった／じゃなかった／ではなかった} "should; ought to" The auxillary べき expresses the speaker's strong judgment that one should do something. The form of する before べき can be either す or する, as in すべき or するべき。 |
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空の様子からすると、夕方には雨になるようだ。
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Judging from the state of the sky, tonight it will be rain.
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Nからすると
"judging from~" Introduces the source or basis for the speaker's conjecture or judgment. The information can be of any sort including visual or verbal. |
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思わぬ結果になって、びっくりしている。
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An unthought of result occurred, it gave us a shock.
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V–nai ぬ
"not" ぬ is a verb ending from classical Japanese and is equivalent to ない in meaning and form. In modern Japanese, it often appears in set phrases. |
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日本の国土は狭そうに思われているが、数字の上で見ると、そうでもない。
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Japan's national land is thought of as narrow, but if you look at it in terms of numbers, it isn't so.
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N のうえで
"in terms of; from the viewpoint of ~; as far as ~ is concerned; according to ~" Nの上で and N上 are used to indicate that the speaker's statement refers only to N. Commonly used in written language. |
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翻訳の上での間違いが、お互いの国の間に誤解を生んでしまった。
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As far as the translation is concerned, it's mistakes birthed misunderstanding between the countries.
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N1 の上での N2
"in terms of; from the viewpoint of ~; as far as ~ is concerned; according to ~" Nの上で and N上 are used to indicate that the speaker's statement refers only to N. Commonly used in written language. |
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田中さんは、健康上の問題があって、仕事を辞めた。
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Tanaka, as far as health is concerned, has problems so he quit work.
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N1 上の N2
"in terms of; from the viewpoint of ~; as far as ~ is concerned; according to ~" Nの上で and N上 are used to indicate that the speaker's statement refers only to N. Commonly used in written language. |
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日本の歴史上、明治維新は大きい意味を持っている。
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According to Japanese history, the Meiji Restoration has a profound (big) meaning.
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N 上
"in terms of; from the viewpoint of ~; as far as ~ is concerned; according to ~" Nの上で and N上 are used to indicate that the speaker's statement refers only to N. Commonly used in written language. |
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奈良は京都と並んで、古い歴史のある町で、日本の首都だたこともある。
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Nara, just like Kyoto, is a city with a long history (old history) and was once Japan's capitol.
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N と並んで
"as well as; just like" Is used when introducing one or more examples to be compared to the subject of the sentence. It is used primarily in written language. |
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おそらく来年は、日本に行けるだろう。
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I'm supposing I probably will be able to go to Japan next year.
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おそらく〜だろう
"probably" おそらく means "probably" and usually occurs with the conjecture auxiliaries だろう or でしょう。 |
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彼と私の考えはまったく同じだ。
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His and my thoughts are exactly the same!
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まったく {V/A/ANo/(の)N/Ano}
"totally; utterly; entirely; completely; extremely; absolutely; really" used for emphasis in affirmative sentences. often used to express the speaker's emotion. In negative sentences, it indicates complete negation. It is used with verbs (often in potential form) and i–adjectives in negative sentences. まったく〜（という）わけではない indicates partial negation. |
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このレポートはまったくだめだ。
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This report is completely bad.
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まったく {V/A/ANo/(の)N/Ano}
"totally; utterly; entirely; completely; extremely; absolutely; really" used for emphasis in affirmative sentences. often used to express the speaker's emotion. In negative sentences, it indicates complete negation. It is used with verbs (often in potential form) and i–adjectives in negative sentences. まったく〜（という）わけではない indicates partial negation. |
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このカレーは辛すぎて、まったく食べられない。
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This curry is too spicy, I can't eat it at all.
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まったく〜ない
"not ~ at all; not ~ in the least" used for emphasis in affirmative sentences. often used to express the speaker's emotion. In negative sentences, it indicates complete negation. It is used with verbs (often in potential form) and i–adjectives in negative sentences. まったく〜（という）わけではない indicates partial negation. |
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納豆は嫌いだが、まったく食べられないというわけではない。
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I hate Natto, but it's not that I totally can't eat it.
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まったく〜（という）わけではない
"It's not that ~ totally/completely/extremely/etc." used for emphasis in affirmative sentences. often used to express the speaker's emotion. In negative sentences, it indicates complete negation. It is used with verbs (often in potential form) and i–adjectives in negative sentences. まったく〜（という）わけではない indicates partial negation. |
