Historical information on the situations that occurred prior to the passing of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. On August 2, 1964, the destroyer USS Maddox, while performing a signals intelligence patrol as part of DESOTO operations, was pursued by three North Vietnamese Navy torpedo boats. The Maddox, in response, fired 3 warning shots and the North Vietnamese boats then attacked with torpedoes and machine gun fire. In the exchange, 1 U.S. aircraft was damaged, three north Vietnamize torpedo…
Many speculate that the incident on August 4th had never occurred and most of the event was due to a faulty chain of communication and command. For instance, Carl Otis Schuster states that: “The string of intelligence mistakes, mistranslations, misinterpretations and faulty decision-making…
After the assassination of President John F. Kennedy (JFK) in November of 1963, Lyndon B. Johnson took over as president. Due to the sudden death of JFK, Johnson had inherited many responsibilities and policies of dealing with the growing problem in Vietnam (Young 105). He continued to be involved in South Vietnam because he did not want the U.S to lose their prestige and did not want to show weakness to the Communists. By the mid- 60s, the war in Vietnam began to escalate as more troops were…
The experience of a pilot or their confidence in the years can be described as significant factors concerns but not of more weight than aviation safety when it comes to flying. It is important that the industry player, stake holders and concerned parties have an understanding and the application of aviation safety policies and practices which is key to the safety of the passengers, civilian and the plane itself. There can be a significant decrease in accidents, injuries and deaths from aero…
I got hit with a serious case of déjà vu after reading the Outliers chapter. For a while, I’ve taken interest in watching a documentary series called Air Crash Investigation. Many of the flights described in this chapter had an episode dedicated to their study that I watched several times. After reading the chapter and watching the series, I know that pilots have to be extremely alert when flying an airplane, especially in regard to their word choices. One of the flights described in Outliers,…
Both physiological and psychological human related factors have contributed to either an accident or incident within the aviation industry. The classification includes the factors that affect the mental and physical ability of a pilot to operate an aircraft. The specific contributors include workload, situational awareness, familiarity, training and experience, fatigue and memory. Situational Awareness The term describes the ability of an individual which in the case is a pilot to beware of…
2.3.2 Human and Risk Aviation Milan (2000) studied the human risk Aviation in his paper, most accidents can be attributed to human error combined with other factors. Human errors have been present in the production, maintenance and operation of aviation hardware ranging through aircraft, airports and air traffic control facilities and equipment. Human operational errors can come about when workloads exceed work ability, e.g., in stressful situations. In aviation, working capacity primarily…
concluding that human factors, and not always mechanical issues, are major contributors to many accidents. These studies, determined that failures in communication and coordination of team members, were far more probable to end in accidents and incidents than result from equipment failure. (Kanki, Helmreich, & Anca, 2010) Contributing to the issue was the culture of cockpit crews at the time. Most flight captains were treated to be, and many believed themselves, beyond reproach. This was at…
leading to the death of an employee. Hence, I was hired as a safety consultant by Cintas Corporation to audit their energy control programs, particularly their lockout/tag out program. I will provide an overview of the corporation and violations/incidents. Then, I will discuss what I gathered from the regulation and during the audit addressing the required procedures of a lockout/tag out program compliant or noncompliant…
Secondly, another deeply credited theory is the belief that Earhart and co-pilot Noonan were ‘Nikumaroro Castaway’s.’ It is speculated both pilots touched down on a remote South Pacific Island called Nikumaroro – now commonly known as Gardner Island. The belief stands that the Electra was running low on fuel implementing fear within the pilots as they began searching for a safe destination to refuel (Howland Island.) Unintentionally, the flight path veered towards the Southwest and they landed…