Retributive justice

Righteous. What does it mean to be righteous? The definition of righteous is to be morally right or justifiable, but is that the only definition? How do we know if someone has the quality of righteousness? It all depends on one’s opinion of what they believe is righteous through their own morals and beliefs. Bilbo demonstrates righteousness on multiple occasions through the book. He takes some reasonable and just actions at times and there are other moments where you could question his…

He states that the executive is separated from the judiciary. Thus the judiciary cannot tell or order the executive to perform a particular function, which in this case was granting executive clemency to the survivors, as stated by Chief Justice Truepenny. He goes on to say that he, as a private citizen, wants Pi to be pardoned altogether. But as a Judge he cannot tell the executive what to do and the Chief Executive has to reach a decision on his own. He chides Truepenny for requesting clemency…

There are a few differences between natural law and legal positivism. However, before diving into the differences, a definition for both the theories should be provided. Basically, a natural law is a law in which is derived from the validity of morality and reasoning. Natural law is believed to be served on the best interest of the common good as well. For legal positivism, it is viewed in the source of a law has no connection between reasoning and morality. A legal positivism should be from an…

Whenever there comes a time where you have to make a decision, whether fair or unfair to you, one must always decide what you consider it is the best option, as Socrates states: “Act with your consent and not against your will” . It is essential to act always justly and respecting the law, no matter what other people can do to you, because acting against fairness and law is immoral and corrupt. In the following essay, I will provide arguments and information about the reasons why Socrates,…

gives us without our consent. This conflict in identities prevent true understanding and awareness of individualism when we collective combine everyone into neat little categories and assign them an ideal image of that identity. We are take away justice from individual in different aspects of their holistic identity by assigning an identity to them that society deems as a correct representative of the individual. There are definitely more vulnerable individuals than others because of the lack of…

Plato and Machiavelli disagree about the circumstances which justify a lie. Plato believes that political leaders must lie if that is necessary to pursue justice and thereby lead the city well. Machiavelli also believes that lying is a method of establishing political order but, unlike Plato, believes that lying should be used as a method to maintain power for power’s sake – not for some greater purpose. Although in most circumstances Machiavelli and Plato disagree, occasionally, they agree. For…

Generally speaking, just behavior is courageous, however Thrasymachus finds that just behavior will leave one with no happiness or leverage to more power. While these factors of justice all make sense, Thrasymachus theory of happiness in terms of just and unjust behavior is unreasonable. “Injustice… it rules the true simple and just, and those it rules do what is to the advantage of the other and stronger, and they make the one they…

founders of philosophy and he is known for his “Socratic method”. Socrates had a curious mind and he always wondered things. He wanted to find how people should act. We can see this behavior in The Republic when he tries to find a definition for justice. Socrates practiced philosophy, therefore he was accused of “corrupting the young” and not believing in the “gods”, and he was sentenced to death. We also know that by this time Socrates was already an old man when Plato writes in The Apology…

Connection between Ethics and Politics The primary concern of politics is to give the description of a government structure and function by describing laws for the citizens to regulate their behavior. It does all this to achieve and bring to recognition the good of the public. Man is hardly a social being alone but also a political being because of the close interdependence between them and the state. Ethics and politics have an intimate relationship considering that both are normative…

agreement with Socrates’ views as told from the “Apology,” that you must not submit to orders that are unjust, even if doing so means death. Because of this Socrates usually does not participate in public affairs, as he says, “A man who really fights for justice must lead a private… life if he is to survive…