Pope Paul III

lived in luxury and opulence. A move to establish a Third Estate (i.e. French Parliament) backfired as the clergy and nobility moved politically to form a National Assembly. These events led to a Civil Constitution that included reforms for the Church. Pope Pius VI would not agree to the constitution, but the king could not stand against the assembly. Ultimately, this led to the execution of the king and many others via the guillotine. However, the most significant impacts of the revolution were…

turned the renaissance into the blissful era that it was. This enormous wheel turned under the guise of pious reverence, and the spokes were the small psychological manipulations divvied out by the enormous world power. The help of indulgences, corrupt popes, and even lack of faith in the upper ranks of the church were the pillars to the parthenon of the church. Faith at this time became a leash, the dominant power of the church was the controlling master, as the general population became the…

Around 1310, Roman de Fauvel, attributed to Gervais de Bus, began circulating through Europe. This extended medieval poem split into two books is full of symbolism and mockery of higher institutions and the government. This story includes a visual satire that is accompanied by beautiful, carefully chosen, polyphonic music. Roman de Fauvel is basically a symbol of everything wrong with France in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. The two books can be described as underlyingly…

beliefs and political views between the eastern and western churches. The challenge to the absolute authority of the pope to make decisions concerning all of the Christian people and Christian doctrine, and the different views concerning the Filioque. The schism between the Roman Catholics and the Orthodox Christians was mainly caused by heresy, in which the Orthodox Patriarchs deposed Pope Nicholas in 867 CE,…

In addition, to government control Louis XIV wanted religious control. He felt that the French Huguenots and the Protestants did not belong in France due to the fact that France was predominately Catholic (447). He abolished the Edict of Nanes, which allowed Huguenots and Protestants rights in France. In 1685, he published the Edict of Fontainebleau, which destroyed freedom of religion (447). Although, he was able to placed France in a powerful position, to the common people it meant nothing…

The prior rule of Constantine brought about the constructs of a New Rome and the usage of mosaics as a primary medium for church decoration. As we have seen before, emperors erected statues, monuments and various other symbols of themselves in order to solidify their rule over the people of their empire and prove their divine right to rule. Justinian’s rule started in 527 and this is where you will see him use the mosaics, the new found medium, to draw a connection between himself as emperor…

began to spread his faith to the people of Ireland. Where he is now named “ the founder of Irish Christianity”. Around the same time, the Irish monks were bringing their version of Christianity to the Anglo-Saxons of Britain, mostly put into place by Pope Gregory where he converted their king, King Ethelberg to Christianity where all of his people heart of his change and did the…

Rome was alluded to as the “mother of the world” because it was a center of civilization, erudition and administration, but the Western Roman Empire fell because of many reasons, such as poor administration in the 2nd and 3rd century, disease, foreign protectors, reduced Roman population and foreign invasion. After it fell in 410 A.D., the empire went into a time period known as the Dark Ages, where there were many downshifts in society. Some examples of the downshift in society’s progress…

The baroque style was established in the seventeenth century in order for the catholic church to win back the citizens who were being converted to the protestant reformation. Therefore, the church turned their artistic expression into a more extravagant, grandiose style. Viewers were now being emotionally drawn to the sensual attitudes of the churches. The style of this period would then be called Baroque. Which is the term that’s name was taken from the Portuguese barroco, which is a deformed…

of Rome and the customs of various germanic tribes. 4. The three ways that civilization in western Europe declined after the Roman Empire fell arethe fall of cities, decline in education and disruption of trade. 5 .The most important achievement of Pope Gregory I is using church’s money to raise armies, repair roads and help poor and he made papacy a secular. Pg. 363 #2-5 2. Treaty of Verdun make the kindom apart, the…