1. Abstract The Passive Optical Networks (PON) is the network which is most popular in fiber network access systems. The abstract states the actual concept of Passive optical Network it's importance. It also implies the Definition and explanation of ONT(Optical Network Terminal), ONU, FTTH-BPON and FTTH-GEPON systems in FTTx premises. 2. Objectives The key objectives of the lab are : • Learning Fiber to the home - BPON and Fiber to the home - GEPON systems. • To process the layer 2 internet services in Gigabit passive optical network (GPON) FTTH using OLT CLI command and FTTH U2000 client-server and monitoring the performance of fiber optic media. • [1] The main motive for this lab is to introduce and investigate the information of…
Fiber optic communication systems are light wave systems that employ optical fibers for transmitting information from one point to other through an optical fiber. The driving force behind the widespread use of fiber optic communications is the demand for economic, reliable transmission media that can transmit required information capacity. The transmission capacity of optical fibers has drastically improved over the years. Today, optical communications up to 100 gb/s for several kilometers have…
Optical Illusions are a neurological phenomenon that allows a person to believe an alternate reality based on what they see visually or encounter haptically. Illusions can come in all shapes and sizes and can be presented to us in many different ways sometimes, subliminally throughout our daily lives. The most famous and widely studied illusion is the Muller-Lyer illusion. This illusion consists of a horizontal line with opposite facing arrows at either end. The next portion uses the same…
FIORD is an acronym that stands for; Facts, issues, options, recommendation, and decision. It is used to help people with ethical dilemmas and complications. This can be extremely beneficial in the work place. Though, it can also be extremely beneficial in every life decisions. Today, I would like to discuss my experience with community day using the FIORD Method. I will start with the facts. For community day our dignitas class went to Hawks ridge. Our role was to cut down Buckthorn, which is…
depending on the angle at which strikes the surface. This principal is the heart of the operation of optical fibers. Just by altering and controlling the angle at which light is incident on the fiber, we can transmit this light signal efficiently. By this principle of Total Internal Reflection the ray of light is trapped within the denser glass of the center of the composite cylindrical glass fiber, the core as if it is guided down the core in a zigzag path of successive reflections. These light…
5.2 Discussion 5.2.1 Comparison of the results from AFM and optical tweezers experiments 5.2.1.1 Different unfolding behaviors in AFM and optical tweezers experiments In chapter 3, we have studied AFV3-109 using single-molecule AFM. The results from optical tweezers are contradictory to the results from AFM. First, the unfolding force obtained by optical tweezers is much smaller than the force obtained by AFM. More importantly, in our previous study using AFM, the unfolding of AFV3-109 occurs in…
3.3 DEMERITS Cost comes first in considering the demerits of optical fiber networks. Despite of the fact that the cost for fiber is dropping by 60% per year and is beneficial in long run, its initial installation cost is still high and is not affordable to all vendors. Per unit cost of fiber cable is more than that of copper cable. Secondly, as the technology is still new and improvising, it requires skilled manpower for its installation, operation and maintenance. Further it requires new…
Implementation of optical fiber sensor in biomedical Optical fiber sensor for biomedical application Applications for biomedical sensors can be named in vivo or in vitro. In vivo alludes to application on an entire, living life form, for example, a human patient; in vitro alludes to testing outside the body, for example, research facility blood tests. From the point of view of how sensors are connected to a patient or organic framework, they can be named noninvasive, reaching (skin surface),…
Uses for fibre optics The most common form that optic fibre technology is found in is cables. These cables have revolutionized technology, telecommunications and even medical. Uses of these cables range from telephone and internet cables that are able to run across the Pacific Ocean to military uses in tanks and drones used in combat. The cause for this is due to the advantages that the cables have. In a quick sum up they are lighter, faster and more secure. People are able to send international…
several data acquisition units. These units can be fixed or portable. The fixed units are usually found on the deck and the towers. They receive and translate incoming data packets from all sensors with the exception of the corrosion cells, which sends its data to the portable data acquisition units. A typical data acquisition unit receives signals in analog or digital form which is then conditioned and converted to either analog or digital format depending on the unit and the requirements. 2.…