Karl Jaspers

David Graeber is an American anthropologist, anarchist and an activist. He is a professor of anthropology at the London School of Economics. To begin with, Graeber uses definitions from the Oxford English Dictionary to define debt. Firstly, debt is defined as a sum of money owed. Secondly, it is the state owing money. Thirdly, it is a feeling of gratitude for a favor or service. Graeber then introduces the book with the following American Proverb: “If you owe the bank a hundred thousand dollars…

However by 1914, Japan had grown to be an imperial power itself following various strategies of the western powers after they themselves had been a colony of a European state. After a period of isolation before the onset of the Meiji restoration and the strong emergence as an imperial power one must examine all the characteristics and strategies that Japan had possessed by 1914 to gain imperial power like that of a north Atlantic power. One strategy that served to be important in Japan’s rise…

are learnt through socialisation. Socialisation is talking to other people. There are two types; primary socialisation which occurs in the family and is the first form of socialisation encountered, and secondary socialisation which progresses beyond the family in various social settings such as nursery, school, and work. Therefore, norms (how people are expected to behave) are created. People are expected to have the right values and beliefs. Values are things that we believe to be important.…

It simply reinforces the concept of socialization. These are categorized into two groups, namely primary and secondary. The primary agents of socialization enforce these unofficial rules of society, they are the family and our peer groups. This is how, as Durkheim claimed the moral codes are implanted. The Family functions as an institution of social control by socializing individuals as to accepted and expected norms, values and standards of behaviour of the wider society. If we conform we are…

Karl Marx, unlike Durkheim, was not a sociologist by profession . He was a journalist but first and foremost a political activist around the time of the Industrial Revolution (Scott & Marshall, 2009:443). His political ideas were often rejected, but his work often had real sociological insight as his writing was based in the economics within society its’ social institutions (Giddens, 2009:18). His work as a whole was focused on conflict, centered around class divisions and relations, and as…

Karl Marx saw himself as the, “Newton of social science” (Seidman, 34) and described his book, Capital, as being ”to the social sciences what Darwin’s On the Origin of Species was to the natural sciences” (Seidman, 34). Marx was correct about his work because even today, he is seen as one of the most influential social science writers. The readings discussed Germany during the life of Marx as well as his theories created through the observation of capitalism and class structure. Born in 1818…

His real name was James Gatz. But he had a dream and ambitions of breaking free from the place he was born into. He created a new name for himself that reflected his true self identity. When a rich man Mr. Dan Cody on the yacht stopped at the bay, James warned him of the upcoming wind that would break soon. Mr. Dan Cody saw this young ambitious boy and asked his name and that’s how Jay Gatsby was born. A few years later, Gatsby appears as a very rich and lavish man who is having parties’ every…

Marx uses these points to explain how free market capitalism causes this estranged labor. He says that this type of economical and political system causes people to be alienated from “the product…from species-being…from other human beings…in productivity work” (Wolf 2003). He uses this theory to show us the effects that a capitalist society could have on all aspects of a human, his physical ability, his mental capacity, his social life and the obvious economic life. Marx adds to this bashes…

I was born in the city of Trier in Germany on May 5th 1818. I attended the University of Bonn at the age of 17 with the idea that I would study law, seeing as my father was a lawyer. I began to form relations with Jenny von Westphalen, who would later become my wife. Her father, whom I looked up to, heavily influenced me in the realms of politics as well as literature. My father moved me out of the University of Bonn to the University of Berlin, where I began to focus on Hegelianism. The…

The individualism of a person is defined within his/her social class. In the book Brave New World, Aldous Huxley creates a utopian society that is constructed within social classes that gives an individual all the power or none at all. Huxley then presents the theory of Marxism, where the class struggle is nothing less, but the backbone of an individual’s social status and where they stand in society. Huxley’s text clearly is based on the realism of social class structure and ideology where the…