Gastrin

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (ZES) is a condition in which one or more tumors form in the pancreas or duodenum. The tumors which are called gastrinomas secrete large amounts of the hormone gastrin. The hormone gastrin causes the stomach to produce too much acid which then leads to peptic ulcers. Zollinger- Ellison Syndrome was first described in 1955 by two gentlemen Zollinger and Ellison. At the time the syndrome consisted of the following triad; gastric acid hypersecretion in the presence of fasting serum hypergastrinemia with secondary severe and sudden peptic ulcer disease and diarrhea. The sequence of events that happens within Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome is clear. However, the exact cause is unknown. About 25 to 30 percent of those with ZES have it as a part of an inherited condition known as Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia, type 1 (MEN 1). MEN 1 includes varying combinations of endocrine and non-endocrine tumors. Ricks factors for Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome includes having a blood relative such as a sibling or parent with MEN 1. This syndrome is also most common among men age 30 to 50 years old.…

Polypeptide, Gastrin and Secretin. Insulin allows the body to use sugar or glucose levels from carbohydrates, for energy or to store glucose levels. The cells in the Pancreas, known as beta cells are signaled to deliver the Insulin into the bloodstream. The Insulin then signals the beta cells to absorb the sugar, that has been delivered from the bloodstream. The author of endocrine web says “Insulin is often described as a “key,” which unlocks the cell to allow sugar to enter the cell and be…

thought, smell, or taste of food effects vagal stimulation of the gastrin-secreting…

stomach. The capacity of the stomach to secrete HCL is related to amount of parietal cell. Parietal cells accept receptors for three stimulators of acid secretion which are Acetylcholine, Gastrin,…

903). These catalytic substances stimulate "elevated gastrin levels, acid production, the death of mucosal cells, release of toxins, and inhibition of protective prostaglandins" (Huether & McCance, 2012, p. 904). The outcome of these caustic chemical reactions leads to a breakdown of the mucosa and development of ulcers. Gastritis Gastritis is an inflammatory process that affects the stomach (Huether & McCance, 2012). In gastritis, gastric acid stimulation and production are altered. The…

situation exists which we call the hormone’s stimulus. In other words, it is because such and such happens that it causes, or stimulates, a hormone to be made. Once the hormone is made, remember that it travels through the bloodstream to a specific place in the body, which we call its target. Once the hormone arrives at its target, the hormone can make happen whatever it is supposed to do. This we call the hormone’s effect. The first digestive hormone I want to tell you about is gastrin. …

“sodium bicarbonate” to neutralize the chime’s acidic pH. Once neutralized, enzyme-rich pancreatic juices (neutral pH) work together with the enzymes of the cells found in the intestinal wall to facilitate digestion of the “three energy nutrients”. Bile (neutral pH) is secreted into the duodenum from the gallbladder (or liver-if someone is without the gallbladder) to emulsify fat for later absorption. 3. Explain the concept of a negative feedback mechanism as it relates to gastric acid…

Proton pump inhibitors are common clinical drugs that are effective in treating acid-related diseases. They work by reducing the amount of acid produced by gastric glands in the mucous membrane in the stomach. The gastric proton pump resides in this gastric mucosa at the apical pole of the parietal cells. Under normal circumstances, approximately three liters of stomach acid is produced in a day under the regulation of the parasympathetic nervous system. The principle stimulant of acid secretion…

Normal pathophysiology of gastric acid stimulation and production. Normally the stomach holds around 50cc of fluid. There are several stimuli that work together in the complex process of the digestion process (Huether & McCance, 2012). There are three phases of gastric secretion, first being the cephalic phase, which is stimulated by the thoughts , smells and taste of food. Stimulation releases acetylcholine and the release of gastrin-releasing peptide, thus indirectly stimulates hydrogen ions.…

when compared to carbohydrates and fats, so this could contribute to the differing results as ghrelin levels decreases in the presence of food in the digestive tract (B, p 9). Research procedures differ drastically and may contribute to the controversial results (B, p 8 & 22). Post-prandial gastrin response significantly decreases (p=0.008) following Roux-en-Y bypass surgery due to the decrease in nutrient interaction within the stomach resulting in decreased stimulation of gastrin (D, p…