Chronic toxicity

lean forward, make eye contact and relax, ask open-ended questions, one thing at a time, listen, culture matters, and avoid the medical terminology. This writer sets into view to interview an African-American gentleman with a two years history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this interview is to explore the effect of medications on the patient’s health status, including the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and patient’s knowledge and compliance of medications.…

You’re considered to have chronic bronchitis if you cough most days for at least three months a year in two consecutive years. Often, however, smokers with chronic bronchitis, cough almost every day, even if it's just to "clear their throats" in the morning. Unlike acute bronchitis, chronic bronchitis is a fragmentary, serious disease. Smoking is the major cause, but air pollution, dust or, toxic gases in the…

resulting from secondhand smoke exposure.” Tobacco literally kills nearly half of it's users. Not to mention “smoking causes cancer, lung diseases, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, immune system problems, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis,” says…

Nasal polyps are benign growths of the nasal lining and/or mucosa that blocks drainage causing chronic congestion, sneezing, nasal stuffiness, runny nose, etc. In the U. S., the overall incidence of nasal polyps in children is 0.1%; the incidence in children with CF is 6-48%. Among adults, the incidence is 1-4% overall, with a range of 0.2-28% (Casale…

Hippocrates believes that dyspnoea develop from “phlegm” transiting from brain to the heart; however, it actually comprises of an intricate interaction of physiological, psychosocial, social, and environmental factors (1). Dyspnoea is known as difficulty of breathing or suffocation which originated from the Greek word “dus” which means difficult and “pnoe” which is breathing (2). It can be define as a term used to distinguish subjective experience of breathing discomfort that varies in intensity…

Early signs of COPD can be usually defined as a repeated coughing with production of mucous. Coughing daily could be a sign of serious lung condition because this isn’t a normal human behavior. Those who have a history of exposure to lung irritants such as smokers, mine workers or people in contact with air pollution, should consider taking breathing test called spirometry with their physician. The sooner COPD is diagnosed the better it is for patient outcomes. Once after COPD is identified…

•Respiratory distress syndrome is a condition where fluid collects in the lungs air sacs, preventing the flow of oxygen to the organs. •Some common causes of respiratory distress syndrome are: inhaling of a toxic substance, things such as, salt water, smoke, chemicals, developing a blood infection and developing of a lung infection like pneumonia. Risk factors for this condition include: a sibling that had respiratory distress syndrome, mother that had diabetes, c-section or labor delivery…

Asthma is a disease that affects lungs airways. A person with asthma always has inflamed airways. When something triggers symptoms, airways become more swollen and muscles around the airways tighten. This swelling and tightening causes troubles with breathing, and can trigger shortness of breath, coughing, wheezing, or chest tightness. For many people who suffer from asthma, symptoms occur when they do physical activity. Some healthy people develop asthma only when they exercise. This is…

The skin is the largest covering on the human body it is called the epidermis as people age wrinkle develop around their eyes and mouth where fat is loss the dermis become thinner, and the skin may become transparent and lose its elasticity, its mostly can be found in the older patient. The integument (of skin provides several important functions, namely protection from external environmental influences, thermoregulation, electrolyte balance and sensation – pain, touch, heat and cold. The skin…

“What is asthma?” You may be wondering. Well, asthma is a condition affecting your respiratory system, which makes breathing difficult. This condition is common, since the estimated amount of people having it is 300 million. Though it is common, that doesn't mean that it isn't harmful. There are different types of asthma, depending on the seriousness. However, the treatments and diagnosis is the same. What causes Asthma? Asthma triggers. Exposure to allergens can trigger the signs of asthma.…