For my informative article I chose to write and research asthma because I have it and wanted to learn more about it and how to live with it. I also have multiple friends who have this noncommunicable disease and would love to help them as well. So many people from young children to adults are having to live with asthma and from my own experience it can be hard. Especially when it comes to activities you love to do. Asthma is when you bronchial tubes get irritated by either physical activities…
Emphysema is a chronic lung disease, which damages the air sacs called alveoli by causing shortness of breath (dyspnea) due to the enlargement of lung sacs. Emphysema is also known as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Ontario Lung Association,2015). Emphysema is a disease, which not only destroys the lung air sacs but it also reduces the amount of oxygen that can reach the bloodstream. Smoking is one of the main reasons for the cause of emphysema. Therefore, it occurs mostly to the people…
1a. The research area investigated was effective actions patients take in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are important to lower the number of hospital admissions and make better outcomes for patients. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a disease which limits the flow of air in the lungs which further leads to shortness of breath which is partially irreversible (Australian Institute of Health and welfare, 2018). COPD is also associated with other conditions like asthma, respiratory…
Disincentives of PR There are many things that hold COPD patients back from attending PR even though it has been shown to greatly benefit the patients. The number of COPD patients who attend a PR program can be lower than 50% of a given COPD population near a PR, and some additional 23-31% of patients never complete the PR program once started (Hayton, Clark, Olive, Browne, & Galey, 2013). Explaining the difficulties of rural healthcare access Holland, Mahl, Lee & Burge (2016)…
Tests for COPD include; Spirometry, Bronchodilator Reversibility, Chest X-ray, Computed Tomography, and Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Testing. Spirometry helps tell how well your lungs are working. During this test, the patient will sit down and into a spirometer which evaluates how much is breathed in and out over the course of a minute and how much air is left in your lungs. Bronchodilator Reversibility test is the same as the spirometry test except the patient is given a bronchodilator,…
Mrs. White’s COPD is triggered mainly by her history of cigarette smoking. The noxious substances in cigarette smoke initiate the production of Tumor Necrosis Factor-a (TNF-a) and release of inflammatory mediators by macrophages and epithelial cells. In fact, the activated cells in COPD inflammation secrete a number of mediators. These include a variety of active proteinases, toxic peptides, and oxidants which damage lung structures and sustain inflammatory processes (_____). The resulting…
Chronic Bronchitis Have you ever tried to breathe through a straw? Imagine living your entire life breathing through a straw. Individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD live that on a daily basis. COPD is a progressive disease that gets worse over time, effecting the lungs of the patients suffering from it making very difficult to breathe. Smoking is the leading cause in patients who have COPD however, an exposure over a long period of time to lung irritants has been known…
influence transcription factors directly in the cytosol to reduce proinflammatory effects of the associated transcription factors (Johnson, 2004). Since salbutamol and other β2-agonists and corticosteroids are often prescribed simultaneously for chronic asthma, two questions need to be asked: 1) Are there positive effects between corticosteroids and β2-agonists justifying simultaneous prescription? Or 2) Are there negative effects providing a reason for the overall increase in asthma morbidity…
“COPD kills 2.5 million people a year, according to World Health Organization estimates. It is currently the fifth leading cause of death in high-income countries like the U.S”(L. Chang,MD) COPD is a lung diseases that is causes by an obstruction in the lung that make it difficult to breathe. COPD is weakens the airways and causes breathing problems this work as the air that is breathe goes down the windpipe into tubes in the lungs the bronchial tubes. The bronchial tubes branch into thousands…
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disorder that maintains consistent obstruction of airways and lungs. It affects approximately 10% of the population worldwide and is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States (Farver-Vestergaard et al., 2014 and Kohler et al., 2002). According to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, COPD is caused by long-term exposure to lung irritants such as cigarette smoke, chemical fumes, and air pollution. The American Lung Association…