Carl Jung

Throughout literary history, many philosophers have studied and analyzed the psychological meaning and connections between book characters and psychology over time. Psychology has, of course, evolved and changed, yet we can still see the older psychological theories having connections to older works of literature such as in Shakespeare's Hamlet. In Hamlet, Hamlet can best be analyzed through Freud’s Psychosexual and Psychoanalytic theories. Throughout the novel, Hamlet displays the…

If ever there were a theory of the human mind in the history of psychology that was antithetical to the idea of Occam’s Razor, it would be classical psychoanalysis. Classicial psychoanalysis refers to the psychological and therapeutic theories and techniques created by Viennese physician Sigmund Freud. The main tenet of psychoanalysis is that much of our behavior and thought stems from primitive unconscious forces that dwell within us. These forces lie outside our conscious awareness and control…

Freud was one of the earliest psychoanalysis to share the belief that personal development is a crucial and non-negotiable part of counselling training. He believed in order to acquire the ideal qualification in the counselling profession that one must enter into a deep analysis of oneself (Freud, 1964). Through this self-analysis it will allow the trainee counsellor the opportunity to delve into every aspect of their personality, morals and values. I being a trainee counsellor would personally…

Dreams are vivid, strange fantasies that occur in the resting minds. Often most people are so consumed in their dreams that they cannot differentiate if the dream is real or not. People often tell themselves that there is only one reality, but there are many realities. Dreams are proof of this; people can walk, eat, run, and do anything they please in their dream. That makes dreams another reality where people can live. The reality of the world is that it can be barbarous and unpleasant. Dreams…

Dreams; we all have them, whether they are dreams that arise in your sleep or dreams that will determine what and who you become in a future time. According to Henry David Thoreau, "Dreams are the touchstones of our character." When first pondering upon this statement, it is difficult to decipher which "dreams" Thoreau is describing. If this quote were to be broken apart into individual words, "dreams" would refer to our desires and our hopes. What is meant by touchstones in this case is certain…

Sigmund Freud, an Austrian doctor who developed a therapeutic method for analysing the unconscious, argued “that desire was the root of human civilisation” (D’alleva 2005: 89). Freud’s work revolutionised the way people thought about desire, the workings of the mind, basic human interactions and the human self. He stated humans must work to survive thus individuals repress some of their tendencies of pleasure and gratification. For the individual, managing repressed desires is difficult; the…

The three zones of inclinations presented by Jung are polarities (i.e. bipolar measurements where every post speaks to an alternate inclination). Jung likewise suggested that in a man one of the four capacities above is overwhelming – either a component of recognition or an element of judging. Isabel Briggs Myers, a scientist and specialist of Jung's hypothesis, proposed to see the judging-seeing relationship as a fourth polarity affecting identity sort [Briggs Myers, 1980]: Judging (J)…

Erich Fromm was highly impressed by the work of Carl Marx and Sigmund Freud; his first step was an attempt to synthesis their ideas. As a result, he began to write his thesis about freedom that itself creates a psychological problem. Fromm believed that when human race distinct themselves from nature and other animals they not only gained so called freedom, but also started to experience the feeling of loneliness and isolation. The feeling of loneliness consequently leads to another…

This essay will be focusing on the discussion of psychodynamic theory in understanding personality. Specifically, Alfred Adler’s individual theory of personality would be used to illustrate how does the theory help in understanding ourselves. Alfred Adler is one of the influential figures in the school of psychodynamics. However, his theory of personality is significantly different from Sigmund Freud, who is the father of psychoanalysis and also the first proposer of the psychodynamic theory.…

Paul Broca (1824 ~ 1880) Paul Broca was a French pathologist, neurosurgeon, anthropologist and the founder of modern brain surgery. He is well-known for his research on “Broca’s area” where he studied Aphasia throughout the 1850s and was the first person to show how speech defect was linked to a specific spot on the human brain by demonstrating autopsy. Broca’s area then revolutionized the perception of language processing, comprehension as well as speech production Stanley Milgram (1933…