Capital city

Capitals are also a bridge between local culture and the assumed culture of the nation-state. The architecture of the capital cities is important because they create political identities, especially during the time of crisis (economic crisis, war, etc) or political change. Although capital cities express national and political identities, but other cities hardly express the national and political identities. For this to be achieved the city would need to be made entirely anew to fully express in built form the aspirations and agenda of the ruling…

Hence, reforms were undertaken in the service related sector, as mentioned before, institutional changes, such as the legislation of the double leisure day or weekends and public holidays as well as paid leaves, loosen control in the outdoor sector to other social agencies, the establishment of corresponding administrative departments overseeing the operation of the market as well as the implementation of supportive policies (e.g. taxation relief). It is under these circumstances that various…

4.1 CITY LEVEL INITIATIVES: 4.1.1 Chandigarh: Chandigarh has more than 35% of its geographical area under forests, parks and trees covers making it one of the greenest cities of the country. It is one of the modern planned cities of India. Chandigarh has a geographical area of about 140 sq,km, has a population of about 10,54,686 according to 2011 census and density around 7912 persons/ sq.km. The per capita availability of green space is around 55 sq.m and the number of green spaces in terms of…

various social problems in the city and the continuous effort to create the desired model of a “modern” national capital between 1927-1937. Lipkin recounts in detail how the Nationalist aimed to boost the image of the new capital by eliminating various social problems including refugees, shantytowns, rickshaw pullers, prostitutes and beggars in the city in which she examines the successfulness in eradicating these problems. Lipkin explores the objectives that the Nationalist government hoped to…

Toronto. The markets gear up to open, and the brokers are already thirty stories above the streets in their offices preparing for the day. Chicago is a city of many skyscrapers, traffic, and the odd smell of chocolate coming from the Boomer’s Chocolate Company. It is a city of shadows that casts a never-ending gloom, only to have it broken up into tiny fragments by the narrow gaps in-between buildings. The buildings have floor-to-ceiling windows, making the towers a true curtain of iridescent…

FINANCING SUSTAINABLE URBAN TRANSPORT SYSTEM Introduction This is a comparative study on financing sustainable urban transport systems in cities of Asia and Europe. Financing a sustainable transport system involves huge amount of capital on building new roads, modern railway, air and water transport system. Many countries have to bear the financial burden and hindrance when sourcing capitals to fund a sustainable urban transport such as new roads, light railway transport, bus routes, bus…

evidence base for 'positive gentrification’. She believes that although the new middle classes' desire for diversity and difference, they tend to self-segregate. “Gentrification is part of an aggressive, revanchist ideology designed to retake the inner city for the middle classes” (Lee, p.1, 2008). Lee highlights a major critic of gentrification, the displacement of the lower-class. Although this displacement may be true, with the closure of the General Motors the previous basis of Elizabeth’s…

population. Most of those people are congregated in city centers scattered around the large coastal areas, which means that if you want to get the most out of the least amount of time taking the sea routes is probably your best option. So why would you want to consider such a large, spread out cold area of Scandinavia? First, in most of the areas you will be inclined to go it will be quite mild, although rarely hot. Because of its vast size weather conditions will vary, but in the areas…

Progressive and the City’, pp.189-292.” Zwia Lipkin, Useless to the State: Social Problems and Social Enginerring in Nanjing, 1927-1937 (Harvard University Asia Centre, 2006). Useless to the State written by Zwia Lipkin’s investigates the history and urban development of Nanjing between 1927-1937 and recounts in detail how the Nationalist aimed to boost the image of the new capital by eliminating various social problems including refugees, shantytowns, rickshaw-pullers, prostitutes and…

When we think of civilizations and where their power resides, we think of the great cities and capitals that were built. As time goes on and civilizations rise and fall, most of those cities are all that remain. Most people in the world today live in an urban area, and while the term urban is defined differently in various countries, it is generally defined as a non-agrarian landscape. The author goes on that several upcoming urban areas especially those in less-developed countries are heading…