Billie Jean King

The birth order theory was discovered by Alfred Adler. The theory refers to the order of birth in which one was born in. It is sometimes believed that the order in which a child is born in plays a significant role in how the child will act in life. The birth order theory has four birth order personalities, first born, second born, the only child, and youngest. I grew up in a large family of five sisters, and one brother. I was the baby or last born for about five years before my youngest sister…

Child psychology is the psychological process of children. Through their surrounding and environment, it is how the children’s behavior is being shaped. In addition to that, children also use their sensory, motor and perceptual skills. However, caregivers need to watch what these children learn outside. By knowing how to educate the right way can result to success in children while doing it the wrong way could lead to failure. Different learning style can determine different learning outcome.…

Over the course of the life cycle, humans are continuously changing and developing; this is known as developmental psychology. One of the lead psychologists of developmental psychology was Erik Erikson who created the theory that each stage of the human life cycle comes with its own psychosocial task or crisis that needs resolution. I interviewed four individuals in relation to four of the stages of Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development. For the adolescent stage, I interviewed Calli…

Young age is the one when a person needs time from one’s parents and people who live in surroundings. How a child gets matured in an environment depends on basically two things – nature and nurture. Nature is what the child has been endowed with by birth. But that too has an effect on the activities going on in the surroundings of that child. The mother, the father, the siblings(if any), and many other people who live around the child, who work around the child, have a permanent influence.…

Application of Theories. There are four types of parenting styles. The first style is authoritarian parenting, second is authoritative parenting, third is neglectful parenting, the third style is indulgent parenting. According to Santrock who is the author of "Adolescence", Authoritarian parenting is a restrictive, punitive style in which the parent exhorts the adolescent to follow directions and to respect work and effort (Santrock, 2016, pg. 266). Authoritative parenting encourages…

Contrary to Freud’s psychosexual development theory, psychologist Erik Erikson came up with a different theory which is known as the Psychosocial Development theory. This theory as explained in textbook Lifespan Development 4rth Edition consists of eight different stages in which Erikson believes every individual must go through in order to successfully accomplish development at every stage.(Boyd, Johnson, Bee, 2011) Each one of Erik Erikson stages presents us with a different challenge we face…

Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, Swiss social reformer, and educator, he was born on January 12, 1746, in Zürich and he died on February 17, 1827, in Brugg. The modern age of education started with him and his ideas and spirit led to the great educational reforms in Europe in the nineteenth century. His early life played a significant role in his later development and interests. The death of his father, at age thirty-three, left Pestalozzi's mother with three young children and limited financial…

Nina Thueson Piaget’s stages of cognitive development: The sensorimotor stage, from birth to age 2 In this stage the infant learns and explores primarily through their senses and the world around them is only what they can see and make associations with. Piaget believed object constancy, which is when something only exists when can be seen, belongs in this stage. The preoperational stage, from age 2 to about age 7 This is the stage were kids struggle to see other people's point of…

The eight key stages of Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Development theory were: 1. Trust versus Mistrust: During the first eighteen months of life, children are focused on developing a sense of trust in caregivers and the world. Children who receive warm and responsive care are able to develop an attitude of trust in people. Incompetence to develop trust will result in fear and learns not to trust the people around him (Berk & Meyers 2016). 2. Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt: This second stage…

“Cognitive is the act or process of knowing” (Dolgin, 2010, p. 38) and cognitive development occurs when we develop our thinking and reasoning skills. Jean Piaget wanted to learn more about “how children reached conclusions” and, in the process, created his four stages of cognitive development: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. The students I observed, aged eleven and twelve, fall into the end of the concrete operational stage and the beginning of the…