Applied ecology

range escapes from captivity. The third stage in the establishment of one or more sustaining populations. The last stage is the spread of the invasive species (Jeschke, Keesing, & Ostfeld, 2013). Although, for example, English ivy is no longer in the transport stage we must still pay attention to each stage of invasion as with increased traffic through Mystic Vale the possibility for invasive species will increase. In going forward with a long-term management plan for Mystic Vale it is vital to take into account the multiplicity of knowledge sources. One of many factors in ensuring successful restoration is maintaining a respect for multiple way of knowing, not only the scientific and technological approach exemplified by restoration ecology (Higgs, 2005) Successful restoration also involves local community support, has effective policies, appropriate legislation and long-term…

Habitat fragmentation has become an increasing issue. Island biogeography has helped with understanding what fragmentation can do and has helped with developments in several areas such as landscape ecology in North America (Wu and Vankat 1995). However, Kent (2007) explains the relationship between landscape ecology and biogeography is uncertain. Purse et al. (2015) use landscape and climate to help determine why an alien species Harmonia axyridis was more prone to spread to some areas but not…

Annotated Bibliography Dejean, T., Valentini, A., Miquel, C., Taberlet, P., Bellemain, E., & Miaud, C. (2012). Improved detection of an alien invasive species through environmental DNA barcoding: The example of the American bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus. Journal of Applied Ecology, 49, 953­959. doi:10.1111/j.1365­2664.2012.02171.x In this research work authors suggests that It is more easy to destroy the Alien Invasive Species(AIS) at their very initial stage. They supported that now it is…

sleep and places where their family and/or large social group resides to obtain food and other resources for survival. Even though information on the foraging radius is available through ethnographic data, it is still exceedingly difficult to identify a prehistoric foraging radius. Therefore, the author provides his solution by using a GIS spatial analysis on his study of the Western Mono settlement located on the Western slope of the Sierra Nevada Mountains in the San Joaquin, Kings, and Kaweah…

Ecology or Ecological thinking underlines the interrelationship of the human and natural environments. It has recently been applied to ethical concerns over the human use of resources, and the disposal of by-products and wastes.42 On the other side traditional economic theory assumes no scale limits to the economy. The environment is considered to be part of the larger economic system. Environmental and resource economics are subsets of economics. Agriculture, forests, fisheries, and ecosystem…

Concepts of social justice are more frequently applied to natural systems in political ecology (Robbins 2012). Perspectives on wetlands in particular have been instrumental in shaping Tule Lake and Lower Klamath Wildlife Refuge and debates over wetland policy illustrate the difficulties when attempting to quantify or monetize ecosystems (Robertson and Wainwright 2013). The political debate about how we value systems that provide ecosystem services to humans and animals, but provide some other…

breeding must be abandoned. The tragedy of the commons continues to be so popular because it has “…. become part of the conventional wisdom in environmental studies, resource science and policy, economics ecology, and political science and is featured in textbooks…. It has also been used in formulating resource-management…

The main goal of the ecocentric Deep Ecology ecological movement is to end the dominantion and power relationships modern humans have over nonhuman Nature, and to set up realistic biological conditions under which the wild species and biodiversity of the earth can exist and flourish. The deep ecological approach to contesting Earth’s future is to distinguish between the vital and the nonvital needs of humans. The vital needs of nonhumans get priority before the non vital needs of humans. Deep…

definition of sustainability up to now. The Brundtland Commission in their 1987 report, write: “Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” Our common future (Brundtland 1987) This implies that we need to look after our planet, our resources and our people to ensure that we can live in…

protection of biodiversity was reserved for local communities, government agencies, and welfare groups. However, recent land conversion processes have threatened biodiversity, which has necessitated conservation programs that are distinct from government interventions. Private and community owners of land can collaborate with government and non-governmental organizations to protect biodiversity. The quest for the preservation of biodiversity has been informed by its profitability for the present…