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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 4 parts of the renal system? |
1. The urethra 2. The ureters 3. The bladder 4. The kidneys |
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What is the function of the ureters? |
To transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder. |
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What is the function of the bladder? |
To store urine until it can be excreted. |
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What is the function of the urethra? |
To excrete urine from the body. |
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What are the 5 functions of the kidneys? |
1. To produce urine. 2. To filter toxins, urea and other waste products out of the blood. 3. To regulate the body's fluid balance. 4. To regulate the level of salt in the body. 5. To regulate pH level. |
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Each kidney is made of a million subunits called what? |
Nephrons |
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What are the nephrons responsible for? |
The nephrons are responsible for filtering blood to produce urine. |
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What is the knot of capillaries at the top of a nephron called? |
A glomerulus |
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What is the name of the cup shaped structure surrounding the glomerulus? |
The Bowman's capsule |
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What are the 3 parts of the nephrons tubule? |
1. The proximal convoluted tubule 2. The loop of Henle 3. The distal convoluted tubule |
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Urine flows from the nephron tubule into what? |
A collecting duct |
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What causes renal failure? |
Damage to the nephrons ( this caused by things such as infection, hypertension or drug use). |
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What are the symptoms of renal failure? |
1. Decreased urine output 2. Fluid retention (oedema) causing swelling in the legs, ankles and feet. 3. Drowsiness. 4. Shortness of breath. |
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What are the 3 treatments for renal failure? |
1. A special diet 2. Dialysis 3. A kidney transplant |
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What are the 2 types of dialysis? |
1. Haemodialysis 2. Peritoneal dialysis |
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What are the 3 parts of the urinary tract that can be affected by a urinary tract infection (UTI)? |
1. The bladder 2. The urethra 3. The kidneys |
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What is cystitis? |
Inflammation of the bladder. |
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What are the symptoms of cystitis? |
1. A burning pain on urination 2. Urinary urgency 3. A frequent need to urinate |
