Mats Oral Board Rac 5 Part 5

Front 1

State the requirements to be met for the application of Reduced Runway Separations?

Back 1

The following conditions must be satisfied before a reduced runway separation can be applied:

• daylight operations only; and

• visibility is 5 km or greater, and conditions do not prevent the pilot from making an early assessment of conditions on the runway; and

• braking action is unlikely to be adversely affected by runway contaminants; and

• specified longitudinal distances are able to be readily determined by the aerodrome controller by reference to prominent markers or features; and

• pertinent traffic information that will enable the following aircraft to sight the preceding aircraft is issued; and

• it is considered by the aerodrome controller that there is no risk of collision.

Front 2

State the reduced separation standards for Aircraft B ready for take off behind preceding Aircraft A taking off on the same runway?

Back 2

Runway Separation An aircraft B may be cleared for take-off when the following conditions exist:

• A preceding departing aircraft A has started a turn or crossed the end of the runway-in-use. Reduced Separation

An aircraft B may be cleared for take-off when the following conditions exist:

• By day or night, if the runway is longer than 1800 metres, a preceding departing aircraft A is airborne and has reached a point at least 1800 metres ahead of aircraft B; or

• Both aircraft have a MCTOW of 7000 kg or less and a preceding departing aircraft A is airborne and has reached a point at least 1000 metres ahead of aircraft B; or

• Both aircraft have a MCTOW of 2300 kg or less and a preceding departing aircraft A is airborne and has reached a point at least 600 metres ahead of aircraft B; or
• A preceding aircraft is airborne and the following (aircraft B) is a microlight

Front 3

Describe the single runway separation standards between aircraft on Touch and Go and Stop and Go landings?

Back 3

An arriving aircraft may be permitted to cross the threshold on a touch-and-go or stop-and-go landing when both the relevant landing and take-off separation minima exist.

Front 4

Describe the runway separation standards between an aircraft ready to depart and a landing aircraft yet to vacate the runway?

Back 4

An aircraft B may be cleared for take-off when the following conditions exist:

• The preceding landing aircraft A is clear of the runway.

Front 5

State the runway separation standards for Aircraft B on final approach about to land behind a preceding landing Aircraft A, on a single runway?

Back 5

Runway Separation

An aircraft B may be permitted to cross the runway threshold to land when the following conditions exist:

• A preceding landing aircraft A is clear of the runway.

Reduced Separation

• • A p
• • A p

• A p

• • A p
• • A p

▪︎Both aircraft have a MCTOW of 7000 kg or less, and aircraft A has commenced a turn to vacate the runway without stopping or backtracking; or

▪︎Both aircraft have a MCTOW of 2300 kg or less, and aircraft A will vacate the runway without backtracking.

Front 6

Describe single runway separation standards between Aircraft B on short final to land vs Aircraft A taking off?

Back 6

Runway Separation An aircraft B may be permitted to cross the runway threshold to land when the following conditions exist:

• A departing aircraft A has started a turn or crossed the other end of the runway-in-use.

Reduced Separation

• Prior to a departing aircraft A crossing the other end of the runway-in-use or starting a turn provided that, aircraft A is:

▪︎airborne, and

▪︎past the point on the runway at which aircraft B could be expected to have completed a landing roll; or

• Prior to a departing aircraft A becoming airborne, provided that:

▪︎both aircraft have a MCTOW of 2300 kg or less, and

▪︎the departing aircraft A is accelerating and past the point on the runway at which arriving aircraft B could be expected to have completed a normal landing roll, that point being a minimum of 600 metres from the landing threshold.

Front 7

State the requirements for simultaneous same direction parallel runway operations?

Back 7

The following conditions must be satisfied before applying simultaneous same direction parallel runway operations:

• there is a written agreement between ATC and the aerodrome operator, and
• operations are daylight only, and
• visibility is 5 km or greater, and
• neither runway is adversely affected by contaminants, and
• both aircraft are in two way communication with aerodrome control, and
• pertinent traffic information is issued, and
• the adjacent runway edges are clearly defined, and
• allowance is made for wake turbulence.

Front 8

State the requirements for Non-simultaneous same direction parallel runway operations?

Back 8

• Simultaneous Independent Operations apply where the adjacent edges of the two runways are not less than 165 metres apart. Aircraft may be sequenced for each runway independently.
• Simultaneous Dependent Operations shall sequence or stagger aircraft to avoid side-by-side parallel flight or side-by-side take-off and/or landing on a parallel runway. Aircraft shall be sequenced as if a single runway was involved. This may be applied:
• when both aircraft have a MCTOW of 5700 kg or less, the adjacent edges of the two runways are not less than 90 metres apart; or
• when both aircraft have a MCTOW of 2300 kg or less, the adjacent edges of the two runways are not less than 60 metres apart.

Front 9

With aircraft in the circuit, when may an aircraft A be cleared to Take off on a Crossing runway?

Back 9

Front 10

State the separation requirements for crossing runway operations when Aircraft A is on final to land?

Back 10

Front 11

State the separation requirements for non intersecting runways with crossing flight paths?

Back 11

Operations onto non-intersecting runways with crossing flight paths shall be handled as for operations onto crossing runways for the purposes of providing runways separation.

Front 12

Describe the applicable separations between an aircraft holding over a Navaid, and an aircraft leaving the same Navaid?

Back 12

Front 13

Describe the applicable separations between an aircraft holding over a Navaid, and an aircraft approaching the same Navaid?

Back 13

Front 14

State the vertical and horizontal separations for an aircraft operating in IMC and SVFR within a Restricted Area?

Back 14

Front 15

State when separation is NOT required from an active SUA or GAA?

Back 15

Separation from active SUA or GAA is not required in the following circumstances:

• in the case of a Restricted Area or Military Operating Area,

▪︎the pilot has approval from the administering authority to operate in the airspace; or

▪︎the aircraft's destination is within the area; or

• in the case of a Danger Area, General Aviation Area or Volcanic Hazard Zone, the pilot has notified an express intention to operate in the area; or
• a pilot requests to maintain their own separation from the airspace; or
• within a control zone or control area it is known, or can be reasonably believed, that the pilot of a VFR flight, or an IFR flight navigating by visual reference, is aware that the airspace is active and the terms of the clearance enable the pilot to remain clear of the area; however, vertical separation shall be applied in the case of an aircraft overflying the area. Note: It is reasonable to believe that a pilot will be aware of airspace for which the period of activity and dimensions are promulgated in AIPNZ (including Supplement) and appropriate charting. The pilot shall be advised whenever doubt exists.

Front 16

State the separation requirements from Aerobatics within controlled airspace?

Back 16

A specific clearance is required to conduct aerobatics within controlled airspace. When a clearance is issued to conduct aerobatics, all other controlled flights shall be separated from the aerobatics aircraft/area in accordance with either of the following: Vertical separation is applied as follows:

• Minimum separation above aerobatics aircraft/area – 1000 ft; or
• Minimum separation below aerobatics aircraft/area – 2000 ft

Horizontal separation is provided from the aerobatics aircraft/area in accordance with airspace rules or, where no separation is required in accordance with the airspace rules, all other aircraft are kept horizontally clear of the aerobatics aircraft/area.

• The aerobatics clearance is not required to contain the aerobatics within controlled airspace. Traffic avoidance outside controlled airspace is the pilots responsibility.
• The aerobatic pilot is responsible for the application of sufficient buffers to remain inside the approved airspace volume.