Mats Oral Board Rac 4 Part 1

Front 1

Describe an Aerodrome Controller's responsibility within the vicinity of an aerodrome?

Back 1

Aerodrome controllers shall issue clearances, instructions and information to aircraft under their control to achieve a safe, orderly and expeditious flow of air traffic on and in the vicinity of an aerodrome with the object of preventing collision between:

• aircraft flying within the designated area of responsibility of the tower, including the circuit;

• aircraft landing and taking off;

• aircraft operating on the manoeuvring area;

• aircraft, vehicles and personnel operating on the manoeuvring area;

• aircraft on the manoeuvring area and obstructions on that area.

Front 2

When separation is not required by airspace classification what shall a controller achieve?

Back 2

When separation is not required in accordance with airspace classification, clearances and instructions shall achieve a safe and orderly flow of air traffic and provide the foundation for effective traffic information. When necessary due to traffic demand or workload, route and/or level instructions may be issued to minimise the need for detailed traffic information

Front 3

What shall Aerodrome Controllers do regarding a continuous watch?

Back 3

Aerodrome controllers shall maintain a continuous watch on all flight operations on and in the vicinity of an aerodrome as well as vehicles and personnel on the manoeuvring area. Watch shall be maintained byvisual observation augmented by surveillance as appropriate.

Front 4

How shall Aerodrome Controllers establish aircraft identification?

Back 4

Identification shall be established by correlation of observation with:

• aircraft type and distinctive markings

• position reports, direction of flight or reported manoeuvres

• at night, requesting an aircraft to show a distinctive light, e.g. "SHOW A LANDING LIGHT".

Front 5

What are the provisos that apply in requiring or permitting aircraft to carry out non-standard circuits?

Back 5

An aircraft may be permitted or required to carry out non-standard circuits, provided that:

• such non-standard manoeuvres are not specifically precluded; and

• adequate control can be maintained.

Front 6

What is the definition of the vicinity of an aerodrome?

Back 6

The vicinity of an aerodrome is defined as an area around an aerodrome where aircraft carry out manoeuvres associated with entering, leaving or operating within a circuit. The actual dimensions of the vicinity of an aerodrome and the circuit depend on the characteristics of aircraft types using the airspace.

Front 7

Normally an aircraft will land and takeoff into wind. When selecting the runway in use what other factors must a controller consider?

Back 7

Normally an aircraft will land and take-off into wind unless safety, the runway configuration, meteorological conditions and available instrument approach procedures or air traffic conditions determine that a different direction is preferable. In selecting the runway-in-use, the aerodrome controller shall also take into account other factors such as: • the aerodrome traffic circuits, • available runway length, • the position of the sun, • the approach and landing aids available, • potential noise nuisance and noise abatement procedures.

Front 8

State the requirements when issuing Start up information and the phraseologies to be used?

Back 8

To minimise fuel consumption IFR flights will request permission to start engines. Where no delay is expected aerodrome control shall advise "START UP APPROVED". Where a delay is possible aerodrome control shall determine the expected delay and, when necessary, issue a delayed start time to the pilot, for example: "START UP AT (time)"; or

"EXPECT START UP AT (time)"; or

"EXPECT DEPARTURE AT (time), START UP AT OWN DISCRETION".

Front 9

Describe the requirements for the issuance of local traffic information in the provision of Aerodrome control?

Back 9

• Pilots shall be advised of any aircraft, vehicle or personnel on or near the manoeuvring area, or traffic operating in the vicinity of the aerodrome that may constitute a hazard to the aircraft concerned.
• Local traffic shall be described in a manner that will facilitate sighting and recognition.
• Information on local traffic shall be issued in a timely manner, either directly or through the unit providing approach control service when, in the judgement of the aerodrome controller, such information is necessary in the interests of safety, or when requested by a pilot.

Front 10

What shall an aerodrome controller do when a pilot reports that damage to the aircraft may have occurred?

Back 10

When advised by the pilot of a departing/landing aircraft suspecting damage to the aircraft, the runway used shall be inspected and the pilot advised as soon as practicable whether any aircraft, bird or other debris have been found or not.

Front 11

What phraseology is to be used when advising a pilot of information concerning aircraft status?

Back 11

When it is necessary to pass information to a pilot relating to the status of an aircraft the word "APPEARS" shall precede any observations that cannot be verified.

Front 12

Describe the information on aerodrome conditions that shall be passed to an aircraft.

Information on aerodrome conditions is any information necessary for the safe operation of aircraft with regard to the movement area and any associated facilities which could affect the flight when landing, taxiing, or taking off.

Back 12

This shall include information relating to the following:

• construction or maintenance work on, or immediately adjacent to the movement area;

• rough or broken surfaces on a runway, taxiway or apron, whether marked or not;

• snow, slush or ice on a runway, taxiway or apron, including effect on braking action (see notes);

• water on a runway, taxiway or apron, including effect on braking action (see notes);

• snow banks or drifts adjacent to a runway, taxiway or apron;

• other temporary hazards, including parked aircraft and birds on the ground or in the air;

• failure or irregular operation of part or all of the aerodrome lighting system;

• any other pertinent information.

Front 13

In the absence of information from the aerodrome operator explain how you would assess and describe water contamination of the runway surface?

Back 13

In the absence of information from the aerodrome operator, ATS personnel shall use their best judgement in describing the aerodrome surface conditions, including, for the centre half of the width of paved runways, one of:

• DAMP - the surface shows a change of colour due to moisture; or

• WET - the surface is soaked but there is no standing water; or

• WATER PATCHES - significant patches of standing water are visible; or

• FLOODED - extensive standing water is visible.

Front 14

Describe the requirements that shall be included in a briefing to personnel intending to proceed onto the manoeuvring area?

Back 14

An aerodrome operator may require ATS to brief all personnel proceeding on to the manoeuvring area. Such briefing shall include a requirement to:

• stop and wait for permission, either by radio or light signal, before moving onto the manoeuvring area and before crossing or moving on to any runway, grass landing area or taxiway; and
• watch for and give way at all times to aircraft; and
• look for signals from the tower, including activation of runway lighting, etc.

Front 15

Describe how conditional clearances may be used for personnel and vehicles to operate on the manoeuvring area?

Back 15

Conditional clearances shall not be issued to personnel, equipment or vehicles to operate on any runway or where the conditional clearance would allow infringement of any runway.

Conditional clearances may be used for personnel, equipment or vehicles on other parts of the manoeuvring area provided that:

• the aerodrome operator establishes procedures to ensure that personnel and drivers operating on the manoeuvring area are suitably qualified and trained in their use; and
• such procedures are considered satisfactory by the Unit Manager.

Front 16

What is the purpose of a runway blocking strip on a flight progress board?

Back 16

When aircraft, personnel, equipment or vehicles have been given permission to occupy or cross a runway or runway work zone, the controller shall, as a positive reminder that the runway is blocked, display a blocking strip, an aircraft flight progress strip or a marker on the part of the flight progress board that is used to represent the runway.

Front 17

Before issuing a taxi clearance to an aircraft what shall a controller determine, and why is this requirement necessary?

Back 17

Prior to issuing a taxi clearance to a departing or arriving aircraft, the controller shall determine where the aircraft is parked or to be parked. Taxi clearances must contain a clearance limit which is the point at which an aircraft must stop until further permission to proceed is given.

Front 18

What are the requirements for aircraft taxiing on the manoeuvring area when reduced visibility prevents an aerodrome/ground controller from determining an aircraft's position by visual reference?

Back 18

When reduced visibility prevents an aerodrome/ground controller from determining an aircraft's position by visual observation, to safeguard against unauthorised or inadvertent entry onto operational runways:

• only one aircraft shall be permitted to move on the manoeuvring area at a time, or
• LUO specify procedures for the movement of more than one aircraft, and in this case:

▪︎the procedures are consistent with the guidelines in ICAO Doc 9476 Manual of Surface Movement Guidance and Control Systems (SMGCS), and

▪︎︎the procedures are consistent with CAR Part 139 and have been approved by the aerodrome operator, and

▪︎sufficient pilot reports shall be obtained to determine the relative positions of aircraft, and ▪︎︎positive identification of position is able to be determined by pilot report or by other means.

Front 19

List all the elements of taxi clearance to a departing flight in their correct order?

Back 19

Taxi clearances shall include such of the elements listed below as are applicable in the order and phraseology listed. Where a pilot is known to be in receipt of the applicable meteorological information or current ATIS broadcast, items contained in those reports need not be repeated. A pilot is required to have quoted the QNH.

• Aircraft callsign
• Local traffic information or taxi sequence instructions
• Taxi clearance
• Runway to be used
• Aerodrome conditions information
• Meteorological information/ATIS - see MET section
• For IFR flights, "TIME (minutes only, to nearest half minute)", unless a time check has been given with start up advice or arrangements have been made for it to be obtained from other sources.

Front 20

Describe the taxi phraseologies issued to a departing aircraft which contains a taxi limit beyond a runway.

Back 20

A taxi clearance which contains a limit beyond a runway shall include an explicit clearance to cross or an instruction to hold short of that runway. This shall include unlit runways at night and runways promulgated closed. Note 1: The above requirement includes clearances issued to aircraft to taxi or backtrack along any runway. Note 2: The requirement for an explicit clearance to cross a runway also applies to helicopters when taxiing and air taxiing. An explicit clearance to cross shall specify the runway designator of the runway being crossed except that where a route crosses multiple runways a collective reference may be used. If necessary, a report that the runway has been vacated can be required. Examples are: "CROSS RUNWAY/GRASS (number)" "CROSS RUNWAY/GRASS (number) REPORT VACATED" "CROSS ALL [GRASS] RUNWAYS"

Front 21

Once an arriving aircraft has been cleared to land, when can a departing aircraft be permitted to enter the runway being used by the landing aircraft?

Back 21

Once an arriving aircraft has been cleared to land, a departing aircraft shall not be permitted to enter the runway being used by the landing aircraft until:

• the landing aircraft has passed the point of intended holding or entry to the runway; or
• in the case of the arriving aircraft commencing a go-around, the arriving aircraft has passed the point of intended holding or entry to the runway; or
• in the case of the arriving aircraft commencing a missed approach, the arriving aircraft will pass over the runway at an altitude sufficient to ensure adequate clearance.