Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Histology
|
Study of Tissues
Epithelial Tissue Connective Tissue Nervous and Muscular Tissue Intercellular Junctions, Glands and Membranes Tissue Growth, Development, Death and Repair |
|
|
___trillion cells of ___different cell types
|
50;200
|
|
|
4 broad categories of tissues
|
epithelial tissue
connective tissue nervous tissue muscular tissue |
|
|
Organ
|
structure with discrete boundaries that is composed of two or more tissue types
|
|
|
Histology (microscopic anatomy)
|
the study of tissues and how they are arranged into organs
|
|
|
Tissue
|
a group of similar cells and cell products that arise from the same region of the embryo and work together to perform a specific structural or physiological role in an organ.
|
|
|
4 primary tissues differ from one another in the:
|
-types and functions of their cells
-the characteristics of the matrix (extracellular material) -the relative amount of space occupied by cells versus matrix |
|
|
matrix (extracellular material) is composed of:
|
-fibrous proteins
-a clear gell known as ground substance, tissue fluid, extracellular fluid (ECF), interstitial fluid, or tissue gel |
|
|
Epithelia Tissue
|
consists of a flat sheet of closely adhering cells
one or more cells thick upper surface usually exposed to the environment or an internal space in the body covers body surface lines body cavities forms the external and internal linings of many organs constitutes most glands extracellular material is so thin it is not visible with a light microscope epithelia allows no room for blood vessels lie on a layer of loose connective tissue and depend on its blood vessels for nourishment and waste removal |
|
|
Basement Membrane
|
Layer between an epithelium and the underlying connective tissue
|
|
|
Basement Membrane contains:
|
collagen
laminin and fibronectin adhesive glycoproteins heparin sulfate |
|
|
heparin sulfate
|
large protein-carbohydrate complex
|
|
|
basal surface
|
surface of an epithelial cell that faces the basement membrane
|
|
|
apical surface
|
surface of an epithelial cell that faces away from the basement membrane
|
|
|
simple epithelium
|
contains one layer of cells
named by shape of cells all cells touch the basement membrane |
|
|
Stratified Epithelium
|
contains more than one layer
named by shape of apical cells some cells rest on top of others and do not touch basement membrane |
|
|
four types of simple epithelia
|
simple squamous
simple cuboidal simple columnar pseudostratified columnar |
|
|
the simple epithelial cells named after their shape
|
simple squamous
simple cuboidal simple columnar |
|
|
simple squamous cell
|
thin and scaly
|
|
|
simple cuboidal cell
|
square or round
|
|
|
simple columnar cell
|
tall narrow cells
|
|
|
pseudostratified columnar
|
not all cells reach the free surface
shorter cells are covered over by taller ones looks stratified every cell reaches the basement membrane |
|
|
goblet cells
|
wineglass-shaped mucus secreting cells in simple columnar and pseudostratified epithelia
|
|
|
simple squamous epithelium
|
-single row of thin cells
-permits rapid diffusion or transport of substances -secretes serous fluid -alveoli, glomeruli, endothelium, and serosa |
|
|
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
|
-single layer of square or round cells
-absorption and secretion, mucus production and movement -liver, thyroid, mammary and salivary glands, bronchioles, and kidney tubules |
|
|
Simple Columnar Epithelium
|
-single row tall, narrow cells
--oval nuclei in basal half of cell --brush border of microvilli, ciliated in some organs, may possess goblet cells -absorption and secretion; mucus secretion -lining of GI tract, uterus, kidney and uterine tubes |
|
|
Pseudostratified Epithelium
|
-looks multilayered; some not reaching free surface; all touch basement membrane
--nuclei at several layers --with cilia and goblet cells -secretes and propels mucus -respiratory tract and portions of male urethra |
