Typical antipsychotic

Extra Credit Article Assignment The research paper “Inflammation Animal Models for Schizophrenia” conducted by the department of Psychiatry at Ruhr University summarized research on the neurodevelopmental hypothesis for the origins of schizophrenia. The neurodevelopmental hypothesis states that the neurotransmitter imbalances seen in schizophrenia could be caused by a residual effect of maternal immune responses. The researchers would explain that the immune response of the mother would affect…

In 1959, research psychiatrist Donald F. Klein was studying imipramine, a new drug synthesized by a minor alteration in the chemical structure of the “major tranquilizer” chlorpromazine. Researchers hoped that imipramine, like chlorpromazine, would help people with schizophrenia, whose psychotic symptoms were at that time believed to result from excessive anxiety. Unfortunately, imipramine did not stop delusions or hallucinations, but it did alleviate depressive symptoms in schizophrenic…

The concept of schizophrenia is of a relatively recent origin, less than a century old. This disorder was first established by the German psychiatrist, Dr. Emile Kraepelin in 1887 as a distinct mental illness from other psychotic disorders. At that time, he used the Latin term “dementia praecox” (early dementia) to identify persons who had manifestations that nowadays are associated with schizophrenia (Psychology Today, 2015). He used different subtypes such as hebephrenia, catatonia and…

6. When looking at this specific diagnosis, medication may not always be the best option. There are two main type of medication including psycho-stimulant and nonstimulant which both have different effects. For example, psycho-stimulant medications, “help important networks of nerve cells in the brain to communicate more effectively with each other.”(). Nonstimulant medications may be used, “when psychostimulant medications have been ineffective, unacceptable side effects have resulted, or the…

According to Fusar-Poli (2009), schizophrenia is delineated by prefrontal activity and elevated striatal dopaminergic functions. There are primary neurological brain abnormalities in individuals with schizophrenia. For example; robust abnormalities elevated in striatal dopamine activity and prefrontal cortical dysfunctions (Fusar-Poli, 2009). Other abnormalities include white matter in the right superior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, bilateral parahippocampal gyrus, adjacent to the…

Individuals may also try to find other ways to drown out the voices in their heads, including quick releases. These quick releases, such as alcohol and non-prescribed drugs are the main choices for individuals with Schizophrenia (Kerr & Paterson, 1999). Making sure that the individual does not consume either of these substances is very important. Alcohol paired with medication can often cause drowsiness, which affects their ability to operate (Kerr & Paterson, 1999). Substances, such as…

adherence, promoting recovery, reducing relapse rates and decreasing the duration of hospital stays if re-hospitalization is required. Newer-generation antipsychotic medications have been effective in some patients for example Risperdal, Haldol, and Ativan. Haldol helps to decrease anxiety (agitation) and slow behavior. When taking antipsychotic medication the client needs to be mindful about side effects. They include leave patients with body stiffness, tremor, slowed movement, loss of…

There are a wide range of explanations for schizophrenia (SZ), ranging from genetics to psychodynamic approaches. These theories can be grouped into two categories; biological and psychological. These two explanations have many differences such as their fundamental basis, treatments and methodology, but also have several similarities. This essay will outline, then compare and contrast various theories within the biological and psychological explanations. One aspect of the psychological…

Schizophrenia is a disorder in which individuals are disconnected from reality, and psychosis may be manifested in either positive or negative symptoms (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Positive symptoms include hallucinations (e.g. auditory and visual), delusions and disorganized speech and thought; meanwhile, negative symptoms include reduced affect, and catatonia (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). During the internship at Lenox Hill Hospital’s psychiatric unit, I was able to…

Schizophrenia is one of the most complex and severe mental health disorders. Globally 1 percent of the population is diagnosed with schizophrenia, and roughly 1.2 percent of Americans have the disorder (Nemade & Dombeck, 2009). Schizophrenia is a lifelong progressive brain disorder, which is characterized by periods of psychosis. Currently, schizophrenia can be treated but not cured. No single factor is thought to cause schizophrenia; rather multiple factors contribute to the development of this…