Thrombus

Explain how atherosclerotic plaque is formed. Atherosclerosis is a disease of the large and intermediate sized arteries, where fatty lesions called atheromatous plaques develop on the inside surfaces of arterial walls. It is characterised by endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation and an accumulation of lipids, calcium, cholesterol, and cellular debris within the intima wall - making it a multifactorial disease that usually develops many years before manifestation of clinical symptoms.…

fundamental change in bileaflet valve design. The valve has important design aspects to impede blood clot formation. Recesses and cavities in the open pivot valve have been eliminated (Medtronic 2011), there is no place in the hinge area where a potential thrombus can form (Emery RW, 2004). There is also an unimpeded flow of blood that provides a continuous passive washing. This gentle treatment of blood cells is proven to result in low levels of clotting (Shiono M,…

to counteract blood loss, the blood functions through its clotting factors in order to block out blood going out from the system through the injury or puncture of the blood vessels. The clotting factors will undergo a cascade of events leading to thrombus formation which will clot on the site of injury and block the blood. This function may have a drawback of impeding blood flow in the system because of excess clotting. For this problem, the blood also functions through its own fibrinolytic and…

If following the recommendations of the Joint Commission, the RCA for Mr. B’s care would include 24 questions about the scenario and then after answering and filling in the data each would be identified as a root cause or not. For the intention of this paper, and considering lack of essential data with this scenario, the paper will just move in sequence order of events as presented. First thing to take into consideration is Mr. B’s vital signs, physical assessment, and previous health…

Agency and Audience Hillcrest Convalescent Center is a long term facility and a rehab center with a capacity of 147 beds. More than two thirds of the beds at Hillcrest Convalescent Center are reserved for patients who are undergoing rehabilitation following a surgical procedure. The facility has approximately 96 Medicare certified beds. In addition to Medicare and Medicaid approved patients, Hillcrest Convalescent Center does also admit patients with private insurances. A great portion of the…

Cardiovascular Diseases and its Pathophysiology Cardiovascular disease accounts for the major health care problem and leading cause of death in the US. Based on the recent statistics from the CDC (2016), almost 610,000 Americans die of heart-related ailments. The prevalence of this disease is such that it dramatically increase the health care costs approximately $ 207 billion in a year (CDC, 2016). Pathophysiological Process In normal conditions, the heart pumps blood through the arteries and…

vein distention (AHA, 2017; Bozkurt et al., 2016; Porth, 2015). Disease progression will manifest itself in dizziness, lightheadedness and fainting spells, arrhythmias, chest pain and murmurs; mitral valve regurgitation and stasis of blood leads to thrombus formation and embolic seeding, and sudden death is possible if no heart transplant can be obtained (AHA, 2017; Porth, 2015). Treatment is directed toward symptom management and disease progression, since without transplant 5-year survival…

There is no specific treatment for primary restrictive cardiomyopathy; the main goal is to treat the heart failure symptoms caused by restrictive cardiomyopathy. With secondary types of restrictive cardiomyopathy like amyloidosis and sarcoidosis however, the underlying diseases can be treated. The backbone treatments for restrictive cardiomyopathy include diuretics, vasodilators, ACE inhibitors and anticoagulation therapies. Beta blockers help to improve ventricular relaxation and diastolic…

Introduction: Upper limb ischemia presenting in the neonatal period is exceedingly rare1. Limb ischemia occurring in utero has three main causes: thrombosis, embolism, and in utero compression2. Neonatal arterial thrombosis and embolism are serious conditions that often result in high morbidity and mortality.3,4 Approximately 90% of neonatal arterial thromboembolic (TE) events are linked to iatragenic causes, including catheterization.4,5 TE events occurring in utero are especially rare, and can…

Complications Cardiac catheterization is categorized as an invasive procedure that involves the heart, its valves, and coronary arteries, in addition to femoral artery which is a large artery. Cardiac catheterization complications can be classified in to cardiac and vascular complications.…