Reasoning

The roles of inductive and deductive reasoning can be seen as polar opposites, but they can actually be complimentary to one another. There are situations where these two reasonings merge, such as criminal investigations. There is also many signs of these two ways of reasoning being complimented infamous mystery novels, such as Sherlock Holmes. One example of this is the Sherlock Holmes tale, “The Adventure of the Blanched Soldier”. This tells a story of a Veteran James M. Dodd, who served in…

In western culture the controlling metaphor for argument is war states Rebecca Jones. When dealing with arguments there are two main ways to go about it, logic and reasoning. Logos is a new trendy word that means using logic to prove an argument. Many people of today's society articulate their difference by using logic and reasoning to demonstrate their point. The Merriam Webster dictionary states logic as a proper or reasonable way of thinking about or understanding something. Jones brought…

1. What is a typical pattern of reasoning in moral matters? Through dialogue in the Crito, Socrates outlined the process of addressing moral matters. First, decisions must be made through reasoning, and exempt of emotion (Cahn, 2013). Next, during the decision making process we must think for ourselves, therefore, we may not be able to appeal to popular beliefs or adhere to social norms. Finally, our decisions should not be morally wrong, regardless of outside influences or potential…

Coricelli and Nagel (2009) were interested identifying the neural mechanisms associated with the application of the theory of mind, or mentalizing, where individuals consider the thinking of others to guide their reasoning. Specifically, the researchers investigated the question: Is there a difference in brain activity between low-level versus high-level reasoners? The alternatives for Coricelli and Nagel’s (2009) questions are as follows: (1) It could be that there is a difference in brain…

preschool and young school-aged children, usually do things to gain reward or affection and going against the rules does not get you rewards or affection. This type of reasoning is known as hedonistic orientation. The other child demonstrates an early elementary school level of reasoning called needs-of-others orientation. This reasoning exhibits concern for others over rules. The expectations of most children are to learn to recognize right from wrong and avoid things that would cause harm…

Lawrence Kohlberg Research Paper Lawrence Kohlberg is a psychologist that explored how an individual develops moral reasoning. Through his career he started as a developmental psychologist and then moved to moral education, where he focused more on ethics, linguistics, anthropology, and cognitive psychology. His well-known contribution to psychology is his stages of moral development, where he formulated his own theory through Piaget’s previous work. The theory was to explain the basic…

Ethical Reasoning We have used the word “ethical reasoning “considerably in the previous section yet we haven’t defined it so “What is ethical reasoning?” Ethical reasoning and judgment refer to the methods in which persons determine whether a course of action or an attitude about an ethical issue is morally right by assessing a range of courses of action and taking into account ethical principles . Ethical reasoning is essential for moral decision making and behavior, and it represents the…

Comparison of Principles of Sufficient Reasoning Name Institutional Affiliation Date  Comparison of Principles of Sufficient Reasoning Every philosopher in the ancient times was concerned with the study of human nature in relation to the environment. Three thinkers used different perspectives of argument in relating the work of God and sufficient reasoning why, how people came into existence and the varying actions they had towards objects. They are discussed as follows; Leibniz was the…

Parmenides uses a poem to prove the concept of unity that is the universe and our reality. The poem begins by showing a common person being chosen and given a sacred thing free of corruption, that thing being Truth. The form of Truth is something called what-is; it is free of opinions and errors. It validates Parmenides concepts of unity, that the world is non-changing and that ideas of becoming and removing are false. How empty space is not possible, and how something cannot be simply created…

Among the theories of human development, the one I most agree with is Kohlberg’s six stages of moral reasoning. Kohlberg’s theory outlines the stages of moral reasoning in a simplistic manner that one can follow and understand the process of each stage of the infant to adulthood life cycle. The first level 1, age 4 to 10 years includes stage 1 – 'Punishment and Obedience Orientation'. The child obeys rules given by others to avoid punishment. As such, the child does not fully understand…