Randomization

1. Introduction The disparities in hypertension prevalence in various racial or ethnic groups exist since 1960, being highest in the non-Hispanic African-American adults . Apart from having higher prevalence of hypertension, this group reportedly has poor blood pressure control as compared to non-Hispanic whites , and poor adherence . One of the theories used to explain medication adherence behavior in patients with hypertension is Bandura’s Self-efficacy theory. Self-efficacy is the person’s…

I found that this novel was quite unique in that it laid out a detailed examination of the history of cancer and how treatments were created, along with a detailed description of the author’s personal experience during the early days of oncology. The author of Emperor of all Maladies: A Biology of Cancer, Siddhartha Mukherjee, was able to lay out all of the aspects of cancer and the battle of trying to treat, prevent, and cure it. Since the 1800s, doctors have been pushing and hoping for a…

osteoarthritis. They went about the experiment by choosing 14,430 patients who were eligible, meaning they were 45 years or older, who had a one consistent symptom with a Meniscal tear as well as osteoarthritis. Out of the 14,430, 351 underwent the randomization. The 351 patients were then split into two groups, 174 patients were randomly assigned to surgery, and 177 patients were assigned to physical therapy. The specific groups were scheduled two to four weeks after being randomly placed into…

According to the Martha Rogers theory, a nursing theorist, human is an open system interacting with environment. The main factor in this interaction is sensory system (1). The sensory system is vital for living, human growth and development and makes events in the environment meaningful (2). Health care systems are unknown places in terms of appearance, sound and odor. In these environment there is a limited contact with family and friends. Touching is also limited. Patients have environmental…

the significance of the effect was small and more studies with large number of participants would be needed to fully evaluate the effectiveness of animal therapy. The limitation to the Dietz, Davis, and Pennings (2012) study is that there was no randomization in the study, and so it is difficult to minimize confounding variables such as PTSD symptoms due to Hawthorne effect. The limitation to the Branson et al. (2017) study is that the sample size was small and so could not produce…

The study performed by Jamie Bedics, David Atkins and Marsha Linehan, main goal was to explore the therapist/patient relationship in dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) in the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in answer to critics who say that DBT treats the symptoms of patients with BPD and does not focus on the patient’s internal or intrapsychic change. The researchers sought to examine and test these internal changes in regards to the therapeutic relationship in DBT as…

The research experiment dealt with the Domestic Violence Reduction Unit (DVRU) which had two goals one of which was increasing the sanctions for batterers and to empower victims. In order to fulfill the first goal it required investigation of misdemeanor domestic violence cases. The second goal required the victim to have access to the community and criminal justice system services. The study was designed to see if the Domestic Violence Reduction Unit strategies led to reductions in domestic…

Implementation of Bayesian Method for basic pattern Classification Abstract: This document describes an example of basic pattern classification using the Bayesian method. Based on given two dimensional (2-D) training data for two classes, we created a classifier using discriminant function (which is the logarithmic version of Bayes formula) and used it to classify provided test data. We estimated the necessary statistical parameters, such as mean covariance and prior probabilities, from…

powerful for data which is normal  Less efficient for data which is normal. References Bradley., J. V (1968), Distribution Free Statistical Tests. Prentice Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Dallal GE (1988), "PITMAN: A FORTRAN Program for Exact Randomization Tests," Computers and Biomedical Research, 21, 9-15. Ellis JK Russell RM Makraurer FL and Schaefer EJ (1986), "Increased Risk for Vitamin A Toxicity in Severe Hypertriglyceridemia," Annals of Internal Medicine, 105, 877-879. Fisher LD…

Instead the best option is to do a quasi-experiment in which a nonequivalent- group design will be used. With the exception of randomization, the non-equivalent group design is very similar to the classical experiment. To reduce threats to internal validity a control group very similar to the experimental group will be closely assigned. The experimental group will be the children who…