Immanuel Wallerstein

and exchange” (132). In the 1960s, following the breakup of colonialism after WWII, the economist Andre Gunder Frank (1929-2005) contributed to the examination of the economic disparities and political economic disparities among “developed” and “underdeveloped” worlds, when he criticized modernization. In this he cast the global capitalist agenda as “sinister”, explaining that when dependent satellites of “developing” nation-states, as opposed to the “developed” Western world, come into contact, the Western world systematically extracts their goods and labour in exchange for much less. This “underdevelopment” was not a product, in his observations, of local conditions, but instead a result of progressive capitalist exploitation. Immanuel Wallerstein (b. 1930), continued the argument and is best known for his work centered on the globalizing character of capitalist economies in his well-known three volumes of The Modern World-System (1980); in which, he defined the historical emergence of a Euro-American “world-economy”, with Europe and America being the “bourgeois capitalist and ‘core’ nations” that “socially penetrated, politically subjugated, and economically exploited” the rest of the world, cast as the “proletarians in the ‘periphery’” (133). Further examination of the broader trends in and outside of academia (i.e. countercultural, anti-war, anti-colonial, gay and lesbian rights, and feminist movements) heralded an upheavel in anthropology, specifically sociocultural…

subsidizes to the series of worldwide financial increase and immobility and the ever-changing of a country’s situation contained by a world-system (Scott and Edles, 2008: 764-765). Wallerstein finishes the discussion by captivating up the standardizing aspect of the world-system in the method of socialization and the custom of generalization and anti-generalization (Scott and Edles, 2008: 764-765). The significance of families as a standard ground for meeting people and implanting principles and…

The word “development” has become a buzzword at this point in history. Its definition and intention has changed a lot over time. What development was intended to be has drastically changed for the worse of the countries it was intended to help, and for the better of the countries on top. In this reflection, I will discuss the creation of development theory, and a few critiques of development. The word first came around as a positive mode of action for all countries after World War II. The…

The 13th Century World System The world has been economically connected since the dawn of civilization. People would travel far and wide to acquire certain luxury goods, such as Chinese silk, Indian spices, or English cotton. However, to say that this kind of global exchange was a world system in the thirteenth century would be to assume that this trade was sustainable for society at this time. However, this far-reaching trade was only for the materialistic benefit of the wealthy, not the…

Ethics and Social Responsibility MGT/498 February 26, 2013 Ethics and Social Responsibility Companies, such as Enron and WorldCom brought new awareness of the terms ethics and social responsibility. Thus, corporations are including ethics as part of the company’s strategic planning objectives (Cato Institute, 2013). This writing will assess the role of ethics and social responsibility in developing a corporate strategic plan. Further, the…

Ethical Perspective on Social Responsibility Social responsibility defined (3 views) * Responsibility of an organization for the impacts of its decisions and activities on society and the environment, through transparent is consistent with sustainable development and the welfare of society * takes into account the expectations of stakeholders * is in compliance with applicable law and consistent with international norms and behavior * is integrated throughout…

perform on the children. Professor Guangwen Tang (湯光文) of the Tufts University had engineered a revolutionary gene modified rice, the Golden Rice. Regular rice in our market, which has been engineered, has β-carotene that produce vitamin A in the leaves only. The Golden Rice has been engineered that it produces vitamin A in the grains. Many low income children are vitamin A deficient, and they are going to be blind, ill, or die without sufficient amount of vitamin A. To prove the Golden Rice is…

One would need to know what the extraterrestrial’s ethical principal system was and how it could be applied to human beings. If you look at someone like Immanuel Kant and the way he looks at ethics, he would obviously be skeptical about human beings adopting the extraterrestrial system. Kant already believes that the existing system is sufficient enough and therefore there would be no need to adopt a new one. According to Kant, measuring the morality of the intention of an action is much more…

Conservative Views of Immanuel Kant and Niccolo Machiavelli: The success of the governance of a state relies on leaders methods of gaining and retaining power while constructing society. Immanuel Kant’s ([1784] 2013) book Answer the Question: “What is Enlightenment?” sets the foundation of gaining and retaining power while constructing society around the process of enlightening subjects and eventually transferring political power. Niccolo Machiavelli’s ([1513] 2006) The Prince uses the…

Auguste Comte: Personalistic & Naturalistic Positions Claudette Spear Dr. Joan Hageman Northcentral University Abstract This paper will focus on Auguste Comte, the founder of Sociology and how he uses both views of both Personalistic and Naturalistic positions in order to justify his findings. Also it will explain how his personal feelings about numerous subjects greatly influenced his studies and works in which things were manipulated to support his findings.…