Femur

Femur, the bone of thigh, also known as os femoris, is the longest and strongest bone of human body. The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of hip bone forming the ball and socket variety of synovial joint-the hip joint, whereas the distal part of the femur articulates with the tibia and patella forming the knee joint. The anatomy of the proximal end of the femur, in recent years had received the much deserved attention because of the importance of early treatment of congenital dislocation and advent of arthroplasty procedures. Susceptibility to numerous pediatric and adult disorders correlates with variations in the morphological and morphometric aspects of the bone and a proper understanding of the anatomy of this region is…

The structure most likely injured with the direct blow of the tibial tuberosity resulting in presentation of the lower limb (figure 1) would be the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). The presented picture shows the tibia being pushed back posteriorly. The PCL, within the knee joint, prevents posterior translation of the tibia bone related to the femur bone (Moore et., al, 2014). If the PCL is torn, then the tibia can move backward too much leading to instability of the knee. The knee joint…

looked like a hippo rib sticking up in the sand. It came loose and revealed itself, not as a hippo rib, but as a proximal tibia-the upper end of the shin bone- of a small primate.” A few yards away Johanson spotted another bone the “distilled femur--- the lower end of a thigh bone, that was split up the middle so that only one of its condyles that fitted into the shinbone was attached.” The missing, detached condyle was found a few more yards. When Johanson pieced all the bones together, they…

The Injury The ACL or Anterior Cruciate Ligament attaches from the front of the tibia to the back of the femur. It is an important ligament in which keeps the tibia from sliding too far forward in relation to the femur bone and provides stability to the knee joint in sagittal plane movements. Injuries to the ACL are very common in individuals who have the knee in an awkward position such as stopping suddenly while jogging or sprinting, a rapid change in direction, and an abnormal landing stance…

of standing upright. Humans naturally stand with a slight backwards curve in the spine, allowing these tendons to remain elongated. However, dancers usually stand perfectly straight, directly over top of the legs causing the tendons to shorten from the lack of this type of consistent stretching. This in turn causes the tendon to stretch uncomfortably over the boney part when the dancer manipulates the hip causing a snapping sound. This sensation usually occurs outside the hip where the…

Introduction Patellar dislocation occurs when your kneecap (patella) slips out of its normal position. The patella is located in a groove in front of the lower end of your thighbone (femur). This groove is called the patellofemoral groove. It usually occurs toward the outside of the leg. What are the causes? This condition is caused by: Force. Sports injuries. Twisting the knee when the foot is planted. What increases the risk? This condition is more like to occur in: Women. People who play…

inability to bear weight seen in the HPI as well as decreased range of motion and pain upon rotation of the right hip seen during the physical exam. X-Ray imaging reveals medial displacement of the right epiphysis and posterior displacement of R leg with 45% of the femoral head exposed. SCFE can be classified as chronic based on length of symptoms, as well as unstable (based on inability to bear weight). Radiographic classification is type II as This is determined by the percentage of…

COMPONENT TYPE: Smith and nephew cemented Synergy, size 11, high-offset stem, a 54-mm reflection acetabular shell, a 28-mm cobalt-chrome head, a 20-degree acetabular liner, posterior-stabilized, a press-fit acetabular shell, minus 3 mm cobalt-chrome femoral head. ANESTHESIA: General endotracheal. COMPLICATIONS: None. ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: 250-mL. INDICATIONS: [Name] is a 76-year-old female with a long history of right hip pain, unresponsive to conservative therapy. She was diagnosed with…

Two joint range of motion (ROM) of two patients, one in upper limb and one in lower limb, are measured and the data is recorded. The first ROM measured is the angle made between shank and posterior thigh, which is the angle for knee extension. The relative position of the patient and the therapist are standardized with patient sitting over the edge of the bed, keeping the trunk straight, while the therapist standing on knees close the side of legs being measured. Moving and stationary body…

Knee stability is important for many sports, and reduced stability is toughly connected with the risk of injury. The most common knee complaints typically involve the patellofemoral joint. Internal instability of the knee refers to the damage of a variety of structures within the knee, including meniscal cartilage tears and loose bodies. Higher knee joint laxity may be an indication of an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. The patient will present with soreness and…