Femur

between the patella, tibia, and femur. The tibiofemoral articulating surface is made up of the lateral and medial condyles of the femur that articulate with the tibia (Marieb & Hoehn, 2007). The tibiofemoral joint is mainly the joint which bears the weight of a person. Notably, because the tibiofemoral joint is weak to a relative extent and can be damaged easily, it relies on ligaments and muscles to sustain its stability. When a person extends their knee fully, then the femur slightly rotates…

adduction. Standing, where the fixed point is at the insertion on the femur, contraction will rotate the pelvis anteriorly[17]. 2.2.2 Psoas This muscle is only muscle group in human body with direct attachment to the spine, the pelvis and the femur. Therefore it has potential to influence, and influenced by movement at both of the spine and hip joints[18]. 2.2.3 Gluteal maximus muscle: superficial group The gluteus maximus muscle is the one of the largest muscle in the gluteal region and…

prematurely as a result of the constant loads that one puts it under day in and day out. The knee is made up of a collection of bones, ligaments, and cartilage that work together to act as shock absorbers to transfer load throughout the leg. The femur comes down along the thigh and enters the patella (also known as the knee cap), which connects to the tibia below the knee. Ligaments such as the ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) and PCL (posterior cruciate ligament)…

smooth and it covers the ends of the bone and as the joint moves it protects it, as mentioned by Scuderi and Tria (2010). Cartilage is what allows the bones to move more freely against each other. This articular cartilage covers the ends of the femur, top of the tibia and back of the patella, as pictured in Figure 4. It is kept slippery by the synovial fluid that is made by the synovial membrane (Marieb & Hoehn, 2013). The bones move easily since it is smooth and slippery. Finally the…

see any broken pieces of the bone and torn ligaments. The next step is to prepare the femur to help stabilize the knee replacement. To prepare the femur, the surgeon will have to cut away the damaged bone and the cartilage located at the bottom of the femur bone. Next the surgeon will implant the metal femoral component with bone cement at the end of the femur, where the knee is located After the femur is prepared to support the patella, the surgeon will prepare the second bone that…

Healthy joint The knee joint is a synovial joint and connects the femur to the tibia and consists of two joints the tibiofemoral joint, which joins the tibia to the femur and the patellofemoral joining the kneecap to the femur. These two joints work together to form a hinge joint allowing the knee to bend and straighten and to also rotate slightly from side to side. Muscles There are two main muscles groups of the knee, the hamstrings, quadriceps and muscles of the calf all work to flex,…

dysfunction and early osteoarthritis. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a disorder of adolescents in which the growth plate is damaged and the femoral head moves (“slips”) with respect to the rest of the femur. The head of the femur stays in the cup of the hip joint while the rest of the femur is shifted. The exact cause…

A subdiscipline of physical anthropology that uses the characteristics of bone structure to determine the identity of human remains and present those findings in a court of law. A biological profile is a set of characteristics that an individual possessed while alive that can also be determined from their remains. The “big four” elements that make up a biological profile are Age Geographic ancestry Sex Stature (height while alive) Dental Development Observation of stage of tooth formation…

pain to follow. The patient is most likely suffering from a posterior hip dislocation. A hip dislocation can damage the bones, ligaments, muscles, vessels, and nerves of the region. The hip joint is a ball and socket joint composed of the head of the femur bone and the acetabulum of the pelvic bone. A band of fibrocartilage deepens the acetabulum. A fibrous joint capsule surrounds the coxofemoral joint.…

above shows the bones and ligaments that make up the synovial hinge joint, commonly known as the knee. The four bones that make up the knee joint are the femur (thigh bone), the tibia (shin bone), the fibula (lateral shin bone), and the patella (knee cap). Connective tissue known as articulating cartilage lines the ends of the tibia and femur, and the anterior of the patella, reducing friction and providing a surface for smooth contact during flexion, extension or rotation. The knee joint…