Allele

. According to our book by W. W. Norton & Company, the four forces of evolution are mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection. Mutations occur at the genome level, involve a permanent alteration in gene or chromosome, and results in a unexpected change from parents to offspring. Gene flow, which can also be called gene migration, occurs when genetic properties pass from one population to another. For example, when two races mix and traits begin to appear among one race of people…

Hariri and colleagues discovered that amygdala reactivity to environmental threat is controlled by a regulatory variant (5-HTTLPR) in the human serotonin transporter gene. Specifically, their work shows that hyper-reactivity in the amygdala is short allele driven. These results were consistent with other studies investigating the role of the amygdala in anxiety disorders. PFC’s involvement in anxiety disorder is evident in…

Tandem Repeat (STR) needs to be generated from blood or other samples (Bustamante et al, 2007). Profiling makes use of the STRs which areshort sequences, 1-13 nucleotides long that are repeated several times in tandem array.In DNA profiling, the alleles of a selected number of different STRs are determined(Brown, 2006).When restriction enzymes are used to cut STRs and the results areanalysed (by electrophoresis or southern blotting a technique not investigated in thisexperiement), a pattern of…

F2 generation. The initial parent cross takes approximately two weeks prior to produce the F1 generation. This parental cross would be of a homozygous recessive female (bb) with either a homozygous dominant male (BB) or dominant male with only one allele (XB Y). This cross would produce the F1 generation which crossed XbXb (female), XBYB, XB Y(males), and produced the F2 generation.…

1. DNA Structure and Function DNA is the type of organic compound that stores the genetic information in a living organism. DNA is made up of two strands of nucleotides, which include a phosphate group, five carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base. Each individual strand in held together by strong covalent bonds (a bond formed as a result of the distribution of electrons between atoms). The two strands are then joined to each other by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases. There are four…

The benefits and risks of the scientific method of genetically modifying crop species Since the emergence of agriculture over 10,000 years ago, humans have been altering the genomes of the crops they produce in order to increase the crop quality in many ways, with fruit size and palatability being two obvious examples. Whether this occurred incidentally through the techniques used to cultivate the plants or intentionally through artificial selection, humans have created strains of domesticated…

readers. Creating an argument that is comprehensible is easy by using appropriate words or phrases which connects the writer to his/her readers. For example, when a writer wants to write an argument about genetics. The writer will use words such as alleles, DNA, RNA, and so forth so the reader can fully understand the writer's opinion. These are familiar terms, especially when the target audience are related to medical and scientific field, but also to college students. Presenting examples and…

to six male marker flies. This is to ensure that that a 1:1:1:1 segregation occurs in the progeny. Discard any unnecessary progeny. Data Analysis of Discriminant Cross 1: Discriminant Cross 1 (DC1) helps identify the phenotypic class of the mutant allele. As progeny began to appear in the cross, we began keeping a count of how many flies per mutations were produced in the laboratory notebook. After we collected over 200 progenies, we counted how many of each phenotype was shown and conducted a…

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium helps us better understand the mechanisms of evolution. With this equation, we can determine if a population is evolving. Under the assumption that the population is not evolving, we can also calculate genotype frequencies from allele frequencies. 3.Explain why race is not a biological concept and why it is in fact not real why is it a folk taxonomy (make sure you define the term as well) can understanding this help current social issues explain -Race is not a…

Angelman Syndrome (AS) is a genetic disorder of the ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A or UBE3A on the 15th chromosome. If this is gene damaged or lacks the maternal allele for UBE3A contributions, it results in Angelman Syndrome (Mary 2011). This disorder was first discovered in 1965 by an English pediatrician known as Dr. Henry Angelman. Angelman studied children with similar motor disorders, facial abnormalities and a happy demeanor. He named this disorder "Happy Puppet Syndrome" after observing a…