Adrenal cortex

Changes in the hormone balance are more common with bilateral cases of ONH and include thyroid, pituitary, adrenal, anti-diuretic hormone and growth hormone deficiencies (Kaur et al). Approximately 75 percent of patients have hypopituitarism due to hypothalamic dysfunction and nearly 33 percent have hyperprolactinemia. Endocrinopathies such as these lead to dysregulation…

literally deteriorate the longer a person has depression. The most notable changes are the shrinking of the Frontal Cortex (responsible for planning, judgement and emotion), Basal Ganglia (responsible for movement) and the Hippocampus (responsible for memory and emotion). It’s also believed that these changes are a response to the increased level of Cortisol which is released from the Adrenal Gland (which just-so-happens to enlarge in sufferers of depression). Increased levels of cortisol, aka…

The human microbiome project The Human microbiome project was the first step into research about bacteria that is present in the human body, and the association with disease. The project was launched in 2007 and was set out to be a five year program. It was funded by the United States National Institute of Health (NIH) however it involved many specialist from many countries worldwide, the original funding was around $115 million. The main purpose of the project was to analyse “how changes in…

kidneys are highly sensitive to a drop in blood flow and are stimulated by vasoconstriction and a decreased level of carbon dioxide which activates the renin-angiotensin system to increases blood pressure and afterload. Angiotensin II stimulates the adrenal cortex to start secreting aldosterone to retain sodium and water to increase blood volume (Hinkle and Cheever, 2015). All of these mechanisms puts the body in to fluid overload causing stress on ventricular…

Annotated Bibliography Silver, S. M., Brooks, A., & Obenchain, J. (2014). Treatment of Vietnam War veterans with PTSD: A comparison of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, biofeedback, and relaxation training. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 8, 337-341. This article presents a study of Vietnam Soldiers receiving inpatient treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. The author points out the lack of EMDR, biofeedback, and relaxation training after criticism was elaborated on. The…

The main measures for interview is established by good rapport, respect patient privacy, recognize face value, move to the patient's field of vision, SOLER as a reminder to sit directly, have an open posture, lean forward, make eye contact and relax, ask open-ended questions, one thing at a time, listen, culture matters, and avoid the medical terminology. This writer sets into view to interview an African-American gentleman with a two years history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)…

Conduct disorder is one of the most common psychiatric problem diagnosed in children. Multiple studies have shown that conduct disorder affects 1-4% of adolescents ages 9-17 in the United States. Males tend to be given this diagnosis more so than females. Recent studies have shown that approximately 40% of children who are diagnosed with conduct disorder develop antisocial personality disorder later in their adult life. According to the DMS-5, Conduct disorder is a disorder that is…

In this article, the timing of parturition is discussed in the human primate and a new theory is proposed on why human neonates are born so helpless while neonates of other primates are much more prepared for the world. The article presents the old idea coined the ’obstetrical dilemma’, which supports the idea that humans are born before their brains reach optimal development because if the neonatal head got any larger, it would not be able to fit down the narrow human birth canal. Human birth…

The Effect of Essential Oils on Physical and Emotional Well-Being I chose to look closely at Dr. Mercola’s article “Essential Oils Support Physical and Emotional Well-Being.” In this article, Dr. Mercola talks about the effect of essential oils and how they support physical and emotional well- being. Being that people smell things differently from one another, smells can have different meaning to different people. This article looks at Aromatherapy and how it allows us to capture the olfactory…

Chapter 1- A Fable for Tomorrow The beginnings of the changes in this town were caused by people ourselves. i. Changes in the town A. Farms - Farms were prosperous and full of grains/ fruits and flowers in abundance - Dried and withered vegetation/ no pollination/ everything started to die B. Animals - Birds in the sky/ Fish in the lake and pond/ animals running on the field - No sound heard by the birds and most could not fly/ Fish died/ young animals survived only a few days At once prosperous…