Criminology Essay

Famous Italian sociologist Antonio Gramsci is known to be one of the most influential figures in Marxist criminology. Gramsci developed the phrase “hegemony” which supports the idea that the upper class rule and control the environment to better their needs. Marxian theory claims that we live in a capitalist society in which the upper class own the means of production while the lower class sell their labor for money. Gramsci focused on how capitalist ruling classes kept their ruling positions.…

In this essay the two criminolgy theories that will be compared and contrasted is the Self- Control theory and the Routine Activity theory. These are two extremely well known and popular theories in the field of criminology today. The Self- Control theory refers to the lack of self-control a person or offender has which can lead that person to commit different crimes. Offenders will commit crimes without even thinking about the consequences. The Routine Activity theory refers to the fact that…

Moral Development Theory vs. Operant-Utilitarian Theory of Criminality Yengcheecha Thao California State University, Fresno Criminology 100: Criminology 10 December 2017 Introduction Today, there are many criminological theories that analyze and help provide insight into motivations behind most crimes. Two known theories that describe crimes from a psychological point of view are the Moral Development Theory and the Operant-Utilitarian Theory of Criminality. Both theories have contributed…

Behaviour. Brown, S & Esbensen, F & Geis, G,. Criminology, Explaining Crime and it's Context. 7th ed. Genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior: A meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies. Rhee, Soo Hyun; Waldman, Irwin D. Psychological Bulletin, Vol 128(3), May 2002, 490-529. Gibson, M & Rafter, N (2006) Criminal Man. Hansen, M., ABA Journal. Jul97, Vol. 83 Issue 7, p20. 2p. 1 Color Photograph, 1 Chart. Newburn, T (2007) Criminology. Cullompton: Willan Publishing.…

reason as to why the court system and police forces are introduced in any area of jurisdiction. Courts and police forces are meant to restore order, justice as well as enforce government laws to discourage criminal activities. On the same note, criminology as part of the court and police force focuses on the study of crimes, their causes, economic impacts and social impacts citizens in a state. A criminologist has a responsibility to analyze data and information to determine why crimes are…

explanations that try to determine why individuals or groups engage in criminal activity. Criminology is used to understand the causes of criminal behavior on both the social and the individual levels. There are many theories within criminology that are used by criminologists to explain what causes individuals and groups to commit crimes, as well as how to prevent them from doing so. One of main focuses of criminology is to understand the social influences that shape criminal behavior. Many…

The social disorganization theory directly links delinquency rates to neighborhood environmental characteristics. This theory places a substantial amount of responsibility for unlawful behavior on a person’s housing location (Social Structures Theories, 2012, p. 153). If, for instance, somebody grew up in an unsuccessful area where delinquency and crime is tolerable, they are more likely to partake in criminal activities. Strain theories point to certain tensions or stressors as causes for…

The earlier "choice" model (which originated during the late 18th century with the work of Cesare Beccaria) that was formulated to guide situational prevention efforts, has more recently been developed into a "rational choice" perspective on crime" (Clarke and Cornish (1985) cited in Clarke (1997)). The rational choice theory "adopts a utilitarian belief that man is a reasoning actor who weighs means and ends, costs and benefits, and makes a rational choice. It is assumed that crime is purposive…

believe prision is a way to be rid of crime and keep our streets safe. To believe that prison is the only way is a path of ignorance. Proof of this comes from; a town in Georgia has figured out an issue that Chicago has been dealing with for years, a criminology report has shown the failures of a prison, and the fraction of issues stopped but a majority rise. A prison is not a way to end a crime. The United States is filled with many towns and cities. The city of Chicago has a population of 2.7…

1) Criminology differs from other viewpoints of crime due to it being the scientific study of crime in itself. It attempts to explain crimes within a social context and the variances between societies and cultures. When it comes to other perceptions such as the consensus perspective which played a more dominant role in the early 1900's, assumed that individuals both agree on what is right and wrong, as well as how they were implemented into laws and how they were enforced. In the 1950's, a…