Famous Italian sociologist Antonio Gramsci is known to be one of the most influential figures in Marxist criminology. Gramsci developed the phrase “hegemony” which supports the idea that the upper class rule and control the environment to better their needs. Marxian theory claims that we live in a capitalist society in which the upper class own the means of production while the lower class sell their labor for money. Gramsci focused on how capitalist ruling classes kept their ruling positions. Gramsci contrasted the differences between the elite powers in the world. Gramsci claims that in strong Eastern governments like Russia, China, and North Korea, used their strength and used pressure to have citizens comply. He contrasted that Western
