Human Behavior Chapter 4

Front 1

Accommodation (cognitive)

Back 1

The process of altering a schema when a new situation cannot be incorporated within an existing schema

Front 2

Affect

Back 2

The physiological manifestation of a feeling

Front 3

Assimilation (cognitive)

Back 3

In cognitive theory, the incorporation of new experiences into an existing schema

Front 4

Attribution theory

Back 4

A theory of emotional behavior asserting that the experience of emotion is based on conscious evaluations people make about their physiological sensations in particular social settings.

Front 5

Cognition

Back 5

Conscious thinking processes; mental activities of which the individual is fully aware. These processes include taking in information from the environment, synthesizing that information, and formulating plans of action based on that synthesis.

Front 6

Cognitive mediation

Back 6

The influence of thinking between the occurrence of a stimulus and ones response to the stimulus.

Front 7

Cognitive operations

Back 7

Use of abstract thoughts and ideas that are not tied to sensory and motor information

Front 8

Conventional morality

Back 8

In Kohlberg's Theory of moral development, a stage in which moral decisions are based on adherence to social rules

Front 9

Differential emotions theory

Back 9

A theory asserting that emotions originate in our neurophysiology and that our personalities are organized around affective biases.

Front 10

Ego

Back 10

A mental structure of personality responsible for negotiating between internal needs of the individual and the outside world.

Front 11

Ego Psychology

Back 11

A theory of human behavior and clinical practice that views activities of the ego as the primary determinants of behavior.

Front 12

Emotion

Back 12

A feeling state characterized by ones appraisal of a stimulus, changes in bodily sensations, & expressive gestures

Front 13

Emotional intelligence

Back 13

A person's ability to process information about emotions accurately and effectively and consequently to regulate emotions in an optimal manner

Front 14

Information processing theory

Back 14

A sensory theory of cognition that sees information as flowing from the external world through the senses to the nervous system, where it is coded.

Front 15

Mood

Back 15

A feeling disposition that, in contrast to an emotion, is more chronic, less intense, and less tied to a specific situation

Front 16

Multiple intelligences

Back 16

The eight distinct biopsychosocial potentials, as identified by Howard Gardener, with which people process information that can be activated in cultural settings to solve problems or create products of value in the culture.

Front 17

Narrative theory

Back 17

A theory proposing that all of us are engaged in an ongoing process of constructing a life story

Front 18

Postconventional morality

Back 18

In Kohlberg's Theory of moral development, a stage in which moral decisions are based on moral principles that transcend those of one's own society

Front 19

Preconscious

Back 19

Mental activity that is outside of awareness but can be brought into awareness with prompting

Front 20

Preconventional morality

Back 20

In Kohlberg's Theory of moral development, a stage in which moral decisions are made on the basis of avoiding punishment and receiving rewards

Front 21

Primary emotions

Back 21

Emotions that developed as specific reactions and signals with survival value for the human species. They serve to mobilize an individual, focus attention, and signal one's state of mind to others. Ex: anger, fear, sadness, joy, and anticipation.

Front 22

Psychoanalytic theory

Back 22

A theory of human behavior and clinical intervention that assumes the primacy of internal drives and unconscious mental activity in determining human behavior.

Front 23

Psychology

Back 23

The study of the mind and mental processes.

Front 24

Schema (schemata)

Back 24

An internalized representation of the world, including schematic patterns of thought, actions, and problem solving

Front 25

Secondary emotions

Back 25

Emotions that are socially acquired. They evolved as humans developed more sophisticated means of learning, controlling, and managing emotions to promote flexible cohesion in social groups. Ex: envy, jealousy, guilt, shame, relief, hope, depression, pride, love, gratitude, and compassion

Front 26

Self

Back 26

An essence of who we are that is more or less enduring

Front 27

Symbolic interactionism

Back 27

A theory stressing that we develop a sense of meaning in the world through interaction with our physical and social environments and interaction of symbols.

Front 28

Unconscious

Back 28

Mental activities of which one is not aware but that influence behavior.