Sub-Roman Britain

Processes of democratisation and decentralisation in the early 1990s in Africa have transformed the practices of power and authority on a local level. A closer look at the African political landscape reveals the existence of other forms of institutions that operate at the same level as the state and are contemporaries of its institutions, but can be “either rivals, watchdogs, parasites or servants” of state institutions (Ferguson 2014, p. 59). Lund (2006) terms these “twilight institutions”;…

African continent undeniably is the poorest region of the world, and the most endowed with natural resources. What has become the image of African states is the cursed blessing of the continent by purposeless leadership and the self-seeking political parties (Antonakis, et al 2004). African communities are degenerated by the corrupt fruit of the ineffective leadership and selfish political parties thereby millions of people become deprived of the affability of life. The significance of political…

The Archetypal Lens of Good vs. Evil in Heart of Darkness In Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad focuses on the main characters of Marlow, the story’s narrator, who recounts his journey into the interior of the Congo, and Kurtz, an ivory trader, who is shrouded in mystery as Marlow is eager to meet him. Through the archetypes of the hero’s journey and shadow, both Marlow and Kurtz become deeply affected by their setting, which illuminates the theme of good versus evil. Throughout Heart of Darkness,…

COLONİZATİON OF AFRİCA Africa is the second biggest continent on the world with the biggest populace thickness. It covers a region of 32.2 million km² with 6% of the world and 24.4% of the world land territories, together with the islands thought to border to it. It constitutes 15% of the total population thickness with a population of 1 billion individuals. Africa is circumscribed by the Mediterranean Sea in the north, the Indian Ocean in the south, the Atlantic Ocean in the west, the Sina…

Africa, the second most populous continent in the world with about one billion people, and over one thousand languages spoken. This level of cultural splendor and beauty can only found in Africa. The home to the world’s largest land animals, the world’s tallest animal, the fastest land animal, the world’s largest reptile, the world’s largest primate. Home to the Pharaonic civilization which is one of the world’s oldest and longest-lasting civilizations. Housing over 30% of the earth’s remaining…

The Europeans started colonizing in Africa in the 15th century, and continued to do so until the early 19th century. One of the main reasons Europe did this was to gain access to the abundant and untapped resources there. The growth of some African countries’ economies during that time can be credited to the international trade of those resources. Africa supplied a wide array of resources that were new, and therefore very desirable, to the Europeans. Among these many resources that were exported…

environment. Africa is a country living in extreme poverty. Extreme poverty is defined as living on $1.25 or less a day. 414 million people and counting were living in extreme poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa. According to the World Bank, 48.5 percent of the populations were living on $1.25 just in the Sub-Saharan region of Africa. Some factors that…

population also began to convert to Islam. In East Africa, Christianity had been adopted by the rulers, so Islam struggled to convert Africans to Islam, but during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries many converted to Islam. The spread of Islam to Sub-Saharan Africa aided in the rise of political empires, encouraged trade and wealth, and increased the traffic in slavery. Islam tended to be more attractive to kings because of its concept of the caliph, which combined political power with…

In order to determine if there is a relationship between foreign aid and African coup susceptibility, one must first operationalize these variables as measurements. With regard to the coup d’état, successful coups must first be distinguished from unsuccessful coups and plotted coups (Lunde 1991). According to Jackman (1978), a successful coup occurs when the incumbent political regime is spontaneously and illegally replaced by an insurgent group, usually without physically participating in the…

but to also fool Africans into selling their labor to European farmers, and mine owners. The effects of colonization along with rapid population growth creates a major issue considering the lack of advancement in technology and in farming. Where “Sub-Saharan Africa was estimated at about 684 million” (Ch. 6). Making pressures of maintaining land and water extremely difficult. Whether horrible climate conditions or over population, food production has become very low in Africa while other…