Islamic law has several sources, which are the primary sources Al-Quran and Sunnah, as well as the secondary sources such as the interpretation by the scholars. In recent years, there is a tendency towards fundamentalism. Modern scholars believe the Islamic Jurisprudence should be renewed, and the classic jurist should lose their special status. This require formulating a new fiqh suitable for current society. It aims is not to challenge the fundamental of Islam, but to clear away the…
The introduction and the first couple of chapters of The Life of Hinduism provides an excellent primer to the vibrant and multifaceted world of Hinduism to the Western reader. In these readings, perhaps the most significant point was that of the pluralism and inherent diversity that typifies the Hindu culture and tradition. At a glance, Hinduism’s ideas of oneness seem to be contradictory with the existence of the plethora of gods and goddesses. The sheer magnitude of the number of gods, from…
indulgences. These helped the Church gain a very large profit because nobody wanted to go to hell. Also the bishops played a huge role in the economy. Many bishops made a large profit due to the fact that they held many offices. This is known as pluralism. Most bishops gambled and spent all their money. The Reformation also had an effect on women. The focal point of the Reformation, Martin Luther, decided to get married. He married a woman named Katharina von Bora. Katharina von Bora used to be…
The topic of what exactly constitutes a World Religion is one mired in controversy due to the label being a typology which divides religious traditions into categories that some criticize as being non-inclusive of traditions that do not meet the established criteria--mislabeling them as something other than a religion. The World Religions category generally includes the traditions of Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism; though some like to to include Sikhism, Zoroastrianism, and…
One 's occupation and position in the general population eye can give us stand-out responsibilities and what we should do depends on upon each one of these variables. As described in the article “When Values and Behavior Conflict: Moral Pluralism and Intrapersonal Moral Hypocrisy,” it is stated that “when judging the moral or immoral behaviors of others, we often attribute value violations...”(Graham 161). While considering our moral commitments, the most for the most part alluded to great…
was left to the gods to determine. The code was interpreted from the beginning to the ending addressed from the gods. There is a lot about the Babylonian society that can be learned through reading the Code of Hammurabi such as social, political, religious, and economic laws and rituals. In 1780 BCE the Hammurabi code expressed authoritarian power of Mesopotamian kings and stratification. King Hammurabi was the first ruler of the Babylonian empire from 1750 B.C. to 1792 B.C. era. He was a simple…
In this paper, the authors argue that rethinking about concept of Bhineka Tunggal Ika is necessary to accommodate various differences which occur in Indonesian society today including LBGT communities. Background The author argues that three circumstances which are usually have historical implication from a country with a diverse cultures: 1. Present discrimination 2. Historical injustice 3. State establishment of culture. Since its establishment, Indonesia has tried to accommodate…
Ethic is the rules of behavior based on ideas about what is good and bad. My basis of ground moral is shaped mostly by my family, education, media and religion. The interaction that I had with my parents, siblings and other member of my family have an impact on my ethical point of view. For example, growing up I have been thought to always be grateful for what I have in life and to always help the needed, thus I have learned compassion and develop ethical standard that include caring and giving…
the cases of immigration of foreign origin individuals and their descendants to access rights, employment and for residents and citizenship purposes as it creates cultural variation and differences among them in their clothing, food habits, and religious…
of France during the French Revolution crossed out and suppressed by a seemingly “white” female who clearly disregards the principles and step stone of France. The finger being wagged by the female is towards someone wearing a Burkini, which is a religious attire worn by Islamic women. Symbolically, the author is showing this female in the middle because it is leading you to believe that she is a French citizen by the fact she is in the center of the french flag which makes up ⅓ of it with the…