Philadelphia chromosome

We used Drosophila melanogaster, for this experiment because they reproduce easily, are easily maintained, have easily observable traits, and have a low chromosome number. The life cycle of Drosophila melanogaster begins with females laying eggs, then the eggs mature into three larval stages. The first stage is called the 1st instar larva, the second is 2nd instar larva, and the thirst is 3rd instar larva…

Was Queen Victoria’s birth illegitimate? –The genetics of Haemophilia Both forms of haemophilia result from mutations on the human X chromosome, a similar sex-linked pattern of inheritance as colour blindness.2 Each son of a female carrier has a fifty percent chance of having the disease, and each daughter has a fifty percent chance of being a carrier. An affected male’s daughters will all be carriers as he will pass on the mutated gene to them all; while he sons will not be affected11 Queen…

meaning that they have two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Meiosis is used to produce haploid cells that have only one set of chromosomes, a mix of chromosomes from both parents. Meiosis produces cells that are genetically unique from their parent cells. Unique haploid cells are produced in part by crossing over, which occurs in prophase I on meiosis. Crossing over is the process by which during synapsis, homologous chromosomes exchange sets of DNA, resulting…

Congenital abnormalities and pathologies are some of the most fascinating diagnostically. Situs inversus, a condition in which the organs of the body are flipped to face the other side, is one of the most enthralling to behold. Typically occurring genetically, it is extremely rare, occurring only in 0.01% of the population (Nall, 2014). This congenital abnormality can be demonstrated on not only diagnostic radiography, but also computed tomography and ultrasound. The prognosis for patients…

C-myc is a transcription factor that is involved in the strict regulation of the cell cycle. It regulates genes that promote the induction of the cell cycle and it is also involved in apoptosis. The c-myc ¬gene is one of the most commonly activated oncogenes and has been found to be overexpressed in many cancers. Activation of this oncogene may contribute to as many as 100,000 cancer deaths per year in the United States alone (Dang et al., 2006). The discovery that this gene is involved in so…

Klinefelter’s: Stories Needing to be Told Klinefelter’s syndrome affects 1 in every 600 males. Yet, surprisingly, it is often regarded as the “forgotten syndrome.” This is because after being discovered over 70 years ago by Dr. Harry Klinefelter, there are still many cases that go undiagnosed and many males that go untreated. This is due to a lack of public awareness about Klinefelter’s, a disease that everyone can be knowledgeable about when it is presented on an engaging platform such as TedEd…

divide and reproduce, but they also have many differences. Meiosis is the type of nuclear division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms. In meiosis, the diploid number of chromosomes is reduced to the haploid number. Gametes have the haploid number, while zygotes have the diploid number. The homologous chromosomes that appear in the zygote look alike and have the same length and centromere position, but the genes they hold may be for opposing traits. After duplication, the homologues…

Spinal Muscular Atrophy Have you ever had a dream where you thought you couldn’t move? You are telling your arms to move and your legs to move but they don’t seem to understand. You are screaming inside because now you are scared because you don’t know what to do. Your body is stiff and not moving. You just keep trying and trying but still can’t move. But once you wake up you realize it was all a dream. But just think about of it was real. That feeling that you had in your dream is the exact…

inherits the hemophilia on his X chromosome will be a hemophiliac. A girl who inherits the defective gene on one of her X chromosomes will be a carrier. Interestingly, she might transmit the defective gene to her children, but she won’t get the disease. (galegroup.com) They are called first-pregnancy hemophiliacs if their first child is a boy, and he inherits the disease. Boys have one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome, but girls have 2 X chromosomes, and one Y chromosome. (worldbook.com) She…

Mitosis I chose to do mitosis in my science project because i knew about mitosis more than the other topics on the list of options. In my project, i modeled mitosis with styrofoam balls, paint, and clay. I modeled the steps prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis . I modeled the steps by cutting the styrofoam balls in half, painted them and I put the clay models of organelles inside the styrofoam cell i made. I made skin cells as the type of cells i am using for my model, by…