Medulla oblongata

According to Scott(2013), the body has a respiratory center in the brain called the Medulla Oblongata and the Pons regions. The medulla sends signals to the muscles that is involved in breathing, and the pons controls the rate of breathing. These two regions in the brain can affect or have negative effect on oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the bloodstream. The body responds to low oxygen when there is there is dilation of blood vessels, which decreases blood pressure. This is also known as vasodilation. Thus, the blood vessels relax and widens enabling greater blood flow or the tissue allows greater perfusion by the use of nitric oxide. Hypoxemia which is also known as low oxygen level can affect the brain, liver, and other organs can…

Researcher Dr. Hannah Kinney and her team at Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard University specifically draw attention to the neurotransmitter serotonin found in the medulla oblongata, (also referred to as 5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT (Kinney et al. 2009). The 5-HT plays a central homeostatic role in nearly every aspect of the central nervous system. 5-HT controls breathing, blood pressure, body temperature, and arousal. It is believed that low levels of neurotransmitter serotonin found in…

Once learning the basics about Cerebral Palsy (CP), I chose to dig deeper into the more modern diagnostic tools and treatments. As an aspiring Audiologist, I looked into tools I would one day use if I were on a case with an individual with CP and found an article about the Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) tool that is being used to determine hearing loss and likelihood of other related disabilities in tandem with CP. The study done showed significance in correlation with most other causes of CP…

physiological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived harmful event, attack, or threat to survival. The fight or flight method is created by two bodily reactions. The first reaction is the sympathetic nervous system. This reaction uses the nerve pathways to tell the body something is happening. The second, the adrenal-cortical system, uses the bloodstream to initiate reactions. These two combined together, are the effects of the fight or flight system. The overall effect is that the…

This set of events causes blood glucose, blood pressure and blood volume to increase, the immune system to become stop working as efficient, and energy to increase through the conversion of fats into glucose. Whereas undergoing acute stress, starts with the sympathetic nervous system. Here the hypothalamus shoots nerve impulses into the spinal cord, which then travels to the preganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers, and finally the adrenal medulla which promotes catecholamines such as epinephrine.…

(Raven et al. 2008). This part of the brain is made up of two parts the myelencephalon and the metencephalon. The medulla oblongata is located within the myelencephalon. The myelencephalon is a subdivision of the brain used to describe the area that gives way to development of the medulla oblongata. Often referred to simply as the medulla, the medulla oblongata is the lower half of the brainstem and along with the spinal cord contains many small nuclei involved in a wide…

The five main parts of the brain are:- Midbrain, Pons Varolii, Medulla Oblongata, Cerebrum and Cerebellum The midbrain is forms part of the brainstem (along with the medulla oblongata and pons varolii). It is responsible for your level of consciousness. The midbrain consists of two stalk-like bans that come out from the base of the cerebrum and lead into the pons varolii. It contains both grey and white matter. The pons varolii is located just below the midbrain and is responsible for…

Prosencephalon split to form telencephalon and the diencephalon, and the rhombencephalon split to form the metencephalon, and myelencephalon. With this the telencephalon shapes into the cerebrum and lateral ventricles Diencephalon forms into the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus and third ventricle. Mesencephalon forms into the midbrain and water system of the midbrain. Metencephalon forms into pons, cerebellum, and upper piece of the fourth ventricle, myelencephalon forms into the medulla…

Pieces of the midbrain connect to the hindbrain and forebrain. They have sections involving visual and auditory response functions. The brainstem attached the cerebrum with the spinal cord. It has the midbrain, medulla oblongata, and Pons. The medulla oblongata is a division that manages automatic functions in the hindbrain. It reacts to breathing, heart and vessel functions, coughing, and swallowing. Neurons from the midbrain and forebrain move through the medulla. Assisting the transfer of…

The cerebrum divides into two more sections the telencephalon and diencephalon , which is mainly made up of thalamus and hypothalamus and the telencephalon is made up of a cortex, subcortical fibres and the basal nuclei. moving on the second structural division of the brain is the brain stream the oldest part of the brain which is in control of primary instincts heart rate and fight or flight response which structurally can be divided into the midbrain , pons and medulla oblongata . The midbrain…