Locard's exchange principle

Before the 19th century, witness testimonies were viewed as the ‘smoking gun’ during court proceedings. In the 1930s, French criminologist and forensics pioneer Dr. Edmond Locard outlined his theory of exchange in the American Journal of Police Science (Solanki, 2013). Locard’s exchange principle was derived from the concept that if one makes contact with another person, place or thing, physical materials are inevitably exchanged. Therefore, when applied to a crime scene, a criminal cannot commit a crime without leaving some form of evidence, while simultaneously taking some form of the crime scene away with them, even if only on a microscopic level (Solanki, 2013). Today, Locard’s exchange principle is most commonly referred to as trace evidence…

harm or infection when in a laboratory or on the scene of a crime. The main objective for a forensic trace analyst is to make comparisons find the identity of a substance, and also reconstruction of some evidence. On some occasions they can visit a crime scene to get valuable information or retrieve the evidence themselves before being it is contaminated by the chain of custody that takes place before reaching the analyst or reaching the laboratory. Trace analyst can be called in for many…

As most know, it is taboo to alter a crime scene before it has been processed by appropriate officials. It should always be remembered that each time the body of the decedent is touched or moved, there is a significant possibility that valuable evidence could be lost or contaminated. The Locard’s exchange principle is an idea that whenever someone makes contact with an item, person, or location physical evidence is either taken or left behind, which is then collected and used as forensic…

example, if I must work with peers, I would use consultation tactic because as a same level of people I can ask and help each other. I can get more ideas and share knowledge with my peers, so working peers are good influence and motivation. Another example, if I want to influence the guy that I have not met before, I would use ingratiation and exchange tactic. Combine these two tactics can be powerful because I can show the guy how much I am interested in with him. If I say “I like your tie and…

Background Introduction Cryptocurrencies are a digital form of exchange that use encryption to secure the processes involved in conducting transactions. They are a subset of digital currencies having no physical representation. Unlike other forms of currency that are backed by a central bank, cryptocurrencies operate as a a completely decentralized system meaning there is no governing body verifying transactions. Cryptocurrencies consist of more than just Bitcoin. It 's structure is followed by…

the appropriate information. “Organization can make the It is very common around the world that many providers always make a mistake when they prescribe drugs. I believe this is occurring again and again due to the design of the system that they are using. Using the principles of usability would prevent such errors in the future. “Usability is one of the most important factor hindering widespread adoption of EMRs”. ( Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society, 2009) The key principles…

The Six Principles of Persuasion. “Persuasion is the act or process of presenting arguments to move, motivate, or change the audience” [1] There are six known principles of persuasion, as follows: 1 – Principle of Reciprocity: is the idea of giving back, being kind, and the same time expecting to cause an effect that will reciprocate the same action back. An example is when a waitress smile a lot, act pleasantly when helping customer, mostly likely she would get a better tip, as a…

Nowadays, Benevolence is not a word used often, or maybe even at all. But there are still examples of what it means to be benevolent every day around us through different people and acts of kindness every day. And yes, even if most people can not spell it, it is still very important to use on a daily basis. However, even if one is benevolent that does not mean it is okay to act in a ‘better than thou’ or in any way all high and mighty in any way. Acting in such a manner is the complete opposite…

Freedom of speech was one of the first major principles written in the constitution. A common misconception of freedom of speech is that it has no limitations, however, when this speech breeds hatred, questions rise about bans and restrictions. When harm becomes involved, the issue of hate speech is often debated. The harm principle is the only purpose for with it is morally legitimate for government or public opinion to interfere with anyone’s liberty of action (including speech) is to prevent…

It seem difficult most of the time to find the best way to succeed in persuading your listeners. The text book offered us with about six principles that are believed to be effective in achieving the goal of successfully persuading our/your listeners which are reciprocity, scarcity, authority, commitment and consistency, consensus and liking. The identification and understanding of where each principle fit environmentally will assist …