Ivan Pavlov

Classical conditioning is an important concept in behavioral psychology. First introduced by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov in his 1927 book Conditioned Reflexes, classical conditioning was not only a revolutionary finding, but one that is still widely accepted today. Its understanding has lead psychologists to theorize various societal applications. Knowing the mechanisms involved in classical conditioning is key to understanding the importance of this behavioral phenomenon. Classical…

Classical conditioning refers to a kind of learning in which a stimulus obtains the ability to evoke a response which was initially evoked by a different stimulus (Weiten, 2010, p. 225). Classical conditioning is a learning theory developed by Ivan Pavlov (Olson & Hergenhahn, 2009, p.30), a Russian physiologist, in about 1900 (Weiten, 2010, p. 225) when he made an accidental discovery upon noticing that dogs salivate at the sight of food during his study of the digestive tract (Weiten, 2010, p.…

Behavioral Approach studies how organisms learn new behaviors or modify existing ones using reward and punishments. Ivan Pavlov was a Russian psychologist that contributed experiments containing assosiation. Association is a connection between people or organizations. In this case Pavlov associated the ringing of a bell with food which made the dog salivate. Regardless of whether or not there was food in front of the dog, when it heard the bell it would automatically start salivating. John B.…

There are two major positions in the philosophy of the mind which many consider to be plausible. These positions are that of Behaviorism and Functionalism. Many feel that these two are plausible in that they are two sides of the same coin in that one relies on observable behaviors to describe actions but the other relies on mental states as causal roles for other mental states and actions. I chose these two as the most plausible because I feel that they could both be very plausible ways to look…

Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist studied animals and the mechanisms underlying their digestive systems. His interest lied in reflexes when he saw dogs drooling with the presence of food. Therefore, he conducted an experiment in which a dog was hooked up to an apparatus that measured the dog’s salivation response. Amidst testing, he discovered that the dog would begin salivating before seeing or smelling the food. Though this was a phenomenon he stumbled upon, it also bothered Pavlov since he…

In the 1890’s, the Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov discovered classical conditioning via dogs and meat powder. John Watson introduced classical conditioning in advertising after losing his job to an affair. Classical conditioning occurs when one pairs two stimuli numerous times, in a format that generally implies that an action occurs due to a stimulus, as in Pavlov’s dog experiment. Classical conditioning is an aspect of behaviorism used in everyday things such as advertising by relating one…

behavior. Only behavior that could be observed, recorded and measured for any real value for the study of humans or animals. Watson's thinking was significantly influenced by the earlier classical conditioning experiments of Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov.…

DEFINITION Behaviorism is a learning theory that only focuses on considerately discoverable behaviors and discounts any absolute activities of the mind. Behavior theorists define learning as the attainment of new behaviour based on environmental conditions. In short, behaviourism equates learning with behaviors that can be observed and measured. The behaviourist theory believes that through a process involving imitation, rewards, and practice, infants are able to learn oral language from other…

hears you from a far distance yelling dinnertime? The way we learn these things are through a process called Classical Conditioning. It all started when a “Russian physiologist named Ivan Pavlov found that before he fed his dogs, when they smelled, saw the food, or even the person that feeds them, they would slobber. Pavlov figured out that dogs had learned that these things had become signals that food was coming. He wanted to see if he could make other things be signals to the dogs, so he…

Rosenhan, D. L. (1973). On being sane in insane places. Science, 179, 250-258. Insane or Not David Rosenhan conducted a study investigating the ability to distinguish the difference between the sane and insane in insane environments. The study involved pseudopatients who travelled to separate psychological hospitals where all but one of them were diagnosed and admitted with schizophrenia after all complaining to hear voices. Once inside, the pseudopatients acted normally and…