Ivan Pavlov

appropriately and transitions from one topic to the next were in the right places and kept the overall flow of the article. I liked how he backed up each of the perspectives with the names of the psychologist who proposed them. For example, he discussed Pavlov when speaking about conditioning and Sigmund Freud when talking about wishful fulfillment. Adding known psychological thinker brought a little more validity to the article as well as gave the reader a point of reference for further…

One of the earliest contributors to psychology is the ancient Greek Philosopher Aristotle (384-322 B.C.E), who in his book, “Peri Psyches” (translates as, ‘About the Psyche’) argues that human behaviour, like the movements of stars and seas, is subject to rules and laws. Among many other related things, Aristotle also declared that people are motivated to seek pleasure and avoid pain. This view remains as current today as it was in ancient Greece. Behavioural Psychology is a branch of…

reinforcement. The idea of modeling and shaping significantly influences one’s behavior and their behavior pattern. Theories of personality have taken different viewpoints over time as psychologists like Albert Bandura, B. F. Skinner, John Watson, and Ivan Pavlov describe…

occurrence of an important event which subsequently leads to an increase in response behaviour” (Malim and Birch, 1998). This concept was first extensively studied and experimented in the early 20th century by a Russian physiologist called Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov worked on three different research problems during his long and rewarding life, but he was most interested in digestion processes. His work on conditioned reflexes followed an unforeseen discovery while investigating the digestive system…

consciousness were the main focus of psychological work and studies, however, during the early twentieth-century, the concept of behaviorism was emphasized and dominated psychology. The theory of behaviorism was first shown in Russian psychologist, Ivan Pavlov’s (1927), animal studies, through which he discovered classical conditioning. American psychologist, John B. Watson (1913), was one of the strongest believers in behaviorism; establishing the psychological school of behaviorism, and much…

Studies reveal how survival after life threatening events is higher for people who have pets than in homes with no pets(DelMonte,23). What DelMonte means by this is that a person who happens to have pets has a slightly better survival rate. There are thousands of people in this world who just happen to be pet owners. There are also people who have the love for animals but have none whatsoever. People go to school and take up a profession working with animals and that is great too. There are lots…

functions help an organism learn different behavioral and survival aspects in order to evolve and survive. Studies have been conducted to stimulate this connection by observing two different types of conditioning: classical conditioning developed by Ivan Pavlov and operant conditioning developed by B.F. Skinner. These two forms of conditioning are different in their methods however produce the same overall goal of developing and learning a particular…

The psychoanalytic theory was developed by a European physician named Sigmund Freud. Freud’s theory formed the basis for the psychoanalytic perspective, a therapy that helps better understand psychological disorders. The goal of psychoanalysis is to cure patients of their serious mental diseases (such as hysteria or amnesia) by helping them to recall past experiences, dreams, and hallucinations that were thought to be causing problems. In the early 1900s, a patient getting psychoanalytically…

Developmental psychology is an approach of the social change over time of a child and an adult. Developmental psychologist’s profession is to study social, cognitive studies. They study on what motivates the human’s mind that influences them on their behaviour and thinking and what causes their intentions. It is important to consider nature and nurture when explaining the developmental theories. Nature is based on the inheritance, linked to genetics; however nurture is based on social and…

In psychology, there are three types of learning; habituation, classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Learning is an adaptive process driven by experience. This means that we learn through doing things; we learn in accordance with what we experience. Much of what we know of learning can be found through behaviourism, the school of thought. Behaviourism is the idea that all actions are acquired through conditioning processes (Cherry. K. 2016. “Classical and Operant Study Guide”). As a…