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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Memory |
Processes involved in retaining, retrieving and using information about stimuli, images, events and skills after the original information is no longer present Short term - activity dependent Long term - structural memory, changes the brain |
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Modal model of memory |
Computer as model for human memory Aquire, store and retrieve information Don’t act in isolation = integrated Limited space, resources and time |
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Control processes |
Active processes that can be controlled by the person Rehearsal -> maintain STM Strategies used to make a stimulus more memorable, repetition, imagery Strategies of attention |
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Sensory memory |
Function: Registers most information that hits out visual attention Duration: Short lived 1-2 seconds Capacity: Holds a large amount of info |
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Short term memory |
Function: includes both new information received from the sensory stores and information recalled from long term memory Duration: 15-20 seconds (rehearse prevented), activity drops to 10% after 18 seconds Capacity: 7 +- 2, millers law |
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Chunking |
Small units can be combined into larger meaningful units 0403 217 138 -> 3 chunks/items of Wm |
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Working memory |
STM is apart of WM Wm - limited capacity of information for complex tasks such as comprehension, learning and reasoning How STM differs from WM SMT is a single component, holds information WM consists of multiple parts, process and manipulation of information |
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Baddeleys working memory model |
Phonological loop - verbal auditory info (SMT) Central executive - what elements of those memories are being manipulated/used, attention controller, suppress irrelevant stimulus Visuospatial sketch pad - visual and spatial information (SMT) If tasks are split across the visuospatual pad and phonological loop you can perform better as they have seperate capacity/duration limits |
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phonological loop effects |
Similarity effect- Items that sound similar get mistaken Word length effect - longer words more space it takes up, longer to rehearse Articulatory suppression - prevents from rehearsing, reduces memory span |
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Wm and the brain |
Prefrontal cortex -> processing visual and auditory input There are individual differences, High capacity people are more efficient at ignoring distractions |
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Long term memory |
Function: storing information to be retrieved Duration: decades to permanent store Lose 60% after 3 years without practice then stays Capacity: practically unlimited |
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Explicit/declarative |
Events and facts, temporal lobe Episode - personal events, hippocampus Semantic - facts and basic knowledge , Semantic episode is enhanced if associated with episodic |
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Non declarative/ implicit memory |
Skill memory, classical condition , habituation |
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False memory |
Very vivid, able to be recalled in detail much later, change overtime, immaculate compared to initial memories - source monitoring confusion, lack of clarity about the origins of the memory came from, your memory? My memory? A dream? |
