Milady Esthetics Chapter 7 Chemistry

Front 1

define acids

Back 1

substances that have a pH below 7.0, taste sour, and turn litmus paper from blue to red.

Front 2

define alkalis

Back 2

also known as bases; compounds that react with react with acids to form salts; have a pH above 7.0, taste bitter and turn litmus paper from red to blue.

Front 3

chemical properties

Back 3

Those characteristics that can only be determined by a chemical reaction and a chemical change in the identity of the substance.

Front 4

gases

Back 4

matter without a definite shape or size. no fixed volume or shape; takes the shape of its container.

Front 5

liquids

Back 5

matter that had volume, no definite shape and it will take the shape of the container, such as water.

Front 6

oil-in-water

Back 6

oil droplets dispersed in a water with the sod of an emulsifying agent.

Front 7

physical change

Back 7

change in the form or physical properties of a substance without a chemical reaction or the formation of a new substance.

Front 8

physical mixtures

Back 8

combination of two or more substances united physically, not chemically, without a fixed composition and in any proportions.

Front 9

physical properties

Back 9

characteristics that can be determined without a chemical reaction and that do not cause a chemical change in the identity of the substance.

Front 10

solutions

Back 10

a uniform mixture of two or more mutually miscible substances.

Front 11

surfactants

Back 11

acronym for surface active agent; reduce surface tension between the skin and the product to increase product spreadability; allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify.

Front 12

suspensions

Back 12

unstable mixtures of two or more immiscible substances

Front 13

water

Back 13

most abundant of all substances, comprising about 75 percent of the Earth's surface and about 65 prevent of the human body.

Front 14

water-in-oil

Back 14

droplets of water dispersed in an oil.

Front 15

chemistry

Back 15

the science that deals with the composition, structure, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions.

Front 16

weekday are the two branches of chemistry

Back 16

organic and inorganic

Front 17

Are gasoline, plastics and synthetic fabrics organic or inorganic

Back 17

organic

Front 18

Blank compounds are flammable and will burn

Back 18

organic

Front 19

inorganic doesn't contain carbon but may contain the element

Back 19

hydrogen.

Front 20

Blank types of materials will not burn

Back 20

inorganic

Front 21

element

Back 21

simplest form of chemical matter. it cannot be broken down into a simpler substance without a loss of identity.

Front 22

what element does O,C, H,N, and S stand

Back 22

O for oxygen, C for carbon, H for hydrogen, N for nitrogen, and S for sulfer.

Front 23

the atoms of each element

Back 23

are different in stricture from the atoms of all other elements.

Front 24

molecules

Back 24

are formed by joining two or more atoms chemically.

Front 25

another name for compound molecules

Back 25

compounds

Front 26

compound molecules or compounds

Back 26

Are chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements that are united chemically.

Front 27

chemical compounds

Back 27

combination of two or more atoms of different elements united chemically with a fixed chemical composition, definite proportions, and distinct properties.

Front 28

physical mixtures

Back 28

combination of two or more substances that are united physically, in Amy proportion with combined properties.

Front 29

air

Back 29

gaseous mixture that makes up the Earth's atmosphere. it is odorless, colorless, asks generally consists of of 1 part oxygen and 4 pays nitrogen

Front 30

ion

Back 30

am atom or molecule that carries am electrical charge

Front 31

ionization

Back 31

causes an atom or molecule to split in two, creating a pair of ions with opposite electrical charges.

Front 32

anion

Back 32

ion with a negative charge

Front 33

cation

Back 33

am ion with a positive electrical charge

Front 34

natural pH of skin

Back 34

5.5 slightly acidic

Front 35

what makes up acid mantle

Back 35

the barrier on the skin produced by sebum and sweat

Front 36

what is the result of exposing the skin to extreme pH

Back 36

dryness, dehydration,inflammation,and even bacteria can grow if the product is incorrect for a given skin type.