Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
External defense |
Physical, chemical, and microbial barriers |
|
|
Internal defense |
Inflammation, acute phase reactants, cytokines, phagocytosis |
|
|
Inflammation |
Redness, heat, swelling, pain |
|
|
Acute inflammation |
neutrophil most involved |
|
|
Chronic inflammation |
Macrophages/lymphocytes most involved |
|
|
vasodilation |
increased blood supply redness and heat |
|
|
vascular permeability |
Retraction of endothelial cells causing swelling and pain swelling and pain |
|
|
Influx of phagocytes |
PMNs arrive first followed by macrophages |
|
|
Acute phase reactants |
Made in liver increase rapidly with infection/ surgery / trauma nonspecific response ex: CRP and complement |
|
|
Cytokines |
secreted proteins that act as chemical messengers stimulates inflammation activates cells prevent viral infections |
|
|
Names of cytokines |
Interleukin, interferon, chemokines, tumor necrosis factor, colony stimulating factors |
|
|
Phagocytosis - 1st sequence |
physical contact due to chemotaxis and opsonins |
|
|
Phagocytosis - 2nd sequence |
phagosome formation as pseudopodia surrounds invader |
|
|
Phagocytosis - 3rd sequence |
phagolysosome formation due to fusion of phagosome and cytoplasmic granules |
|
|
Phagocytosis - 4th sequence |
exocytosis is excretion of material |
|
|
inflammation - 1st sequence |
vasodilation |
|
|
C-Reactive Protein |
most widely used indicator of acute inflammation opsonizes by coating foreign particles and activates complement peak with 24-72hrs and declines rapidly when stimulus stops |
|
|
complement |
collective term for a group of proteins inactive in normal circumstances complement cascade = active lysis of bacterial cells opsonization of organisms for phagocytosis chemotaxis |
|
|
opsonins |
serum molecules that attach to foreign materials and enhance phagocytosis |
|
|
inflammation - 2nd sequence |
vascular permeability |
|
|
inflammation - 3rd sequence |
influx of phagocytes |
