Dsvt 2200, Sec 4, Review

Front 1

01. Endoleak is present when there is:

Back 1

• Flow within the residual aneurysm sac

Front 2

02. Duplex ultrasound can differentiate Ao. Aneurysm disease from:

Back 2

• Tortuosity

Front 3

03. Which of the following statements about aortic aneurysm disease is incorrect?

Back 3

• it is most often superior to the renal arteries

Front 4

04. Which of the following is an indication to perform an aortoiliac ultrasound?

Back 4

• Blue toe syndrome

Front 5

05. Iliac arteries are often torturous, deep and may have overlying bowel gas. All of the following may be helpful in examining the aortoiliac segment completely except:

Back 5

• using a 10 - 12 MHz transducer

Front 6

06. Lateral wall pictures of a blood vessel:

Back 6

• are subject to acoustic drop out and thus less accurate

Front 7

07. Precise determination of the measurement of aortic diameter should be taken:

Back 7

• perpendicular to the aorta itself

Front 8

08. Color flow Imaging is helpful with all of the following except:

Back 8

• confirming the percentage of stenosis

Front 9

09. What is the most common type of aortic aneurysm?

Back 9

• Fusiform

Front 10

10. List Saccular aneurysm characters

Back 10

Asymmetric outpouching dilations, caused by trauma or penetrating aortic ulcers

Front 11

11. All of the following are true of Saccular aneurysms except:

Back 11

• they only involve the outer vessel wall.

Front 12

12. Intraluminal iliac or aorta stents placed for atherosclerosis disease should be:

Back 12

• well opposed to the vessel wall

Front 13

13. A reverse flow component in early diastole should be present in all of these vessel except:

Back 13

• the proximal abdominal aorta

Front 14

14. The most threatening consequence of endoleak following aortic endovascular stent graft repair (EVRS) is:

Back 14

• Aneurysm rupture

Front 15

15. Distal to the distal attachment/ fixation site complications may occur at the access site. Which of the following is least likely to occur :

Back 15

• Vasospasm

Front 16

16. Flow Into a residual aneurysm sack of the lumbar artery is what type of the endoleak

Back 16

• Type II

Front 17

17. Symptoms of chronic mesenteric ischemia

Back 17

• ab pain & cramping after eating

• Abdominal bruit

• weight loss

• sitophobia

• diarrhea

Front 18

18. Which vessels link the celiac artery and SMA via branches around the duodenum and pancreas?

Back 18

• superior & inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

Front 19

19. Which to mesenteric arteries are connected by the Arc of riolan?

Back 19

• superior & inferior mesenteric artery

Front 20

20. Identify the transducer type and the frequency commonly used to assess the mesenteric arteries.

Back 20

• Low frequency transducer 2-5 MHz

Front 21

21. Describe resistance changes in a normal SMA Doppler waveform before and after a meal

Back 21

• Before = high Resistance

• After = low Resistance

Front 22

22. Describe the changes is seen in the normal fasting SMA flow following a test meal.

Back 22

• PSV double

• EDV triples

Front 23

23. Describe flow direction in celiac artery occlusion.

Back 23

• Low pressure (SMA collaterals) retrograde flow in the common hepatic artery.

Front 24

24. Describe compensatory flow in critical stenosis or occlusion of the celiac artery

Back 24

• elevated PSV in the SMA even though the SMA is widely patent.

Front 25

25. Describe median arcuate syndrome

Back 25

• transient compression of the celiac artery origin by the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm

Front 26

26. Identify the most common. Visceral artery aneurysm

Back 26

• Splenic Artery aneurysm

Front 27

27. Describe acute mesenteric ischemia and how it occurs

Back 27

• patients experience pain out of proportion to physical findings.

• bowel necrosis happens rapidly with a high mortality rate

• curse from envelopes to mesenteric artery, thrombosis of an artery with existing chronic disease

Front 28

28. Identify the area where the majority of visceral emboli Lodge

Back 28

• distal SMA where ultrasound cannot visualize

Front 29

29. Identify what has the greatest impact on the diameter of the IVC

Back 29

• Hydration Status

Front 30

30. This vein can return blood to the heart from the lower extremities in cases where the intrahepatic portion of the IVC is congenitally absent

Back 30

• Azygos Vein

Front 31

31. Identify the lateral tributaries of the IVC

Back 31

• Renal Veins

Front 32

32. Identify the landmark used to identify the Confluence of the common iliac vein into the IVC when the patient is in the left lateral decubitus position

Back 32

Inferior pole of the right kidney

Front 33

33. Describe the normal sonographic appearance of the IVC on the iliac veins

Back 33

Echogenic

Muscular walls

Front 34

34. List the various IVC and iliac vein pathologies that can be evaluated with the grayscale Imaging

Back 34

Trombosis

Intraluminal tumors

Extrinsic compression

Front 35

35. The appearance of acute thrombus of the IVC

Back 35

Virtually anechoic

Poorly detectable with grayscale imaging

Front 36

36. Describe the echogenicity of thrombus as it increases in age over the course of several days and weeks

Back 36

Echogenicity increases as it ages

Front 37

37. These veins are most typically the corporate of intraluminal tumors with the IVC and iliacs

Back 37

Hepatic and renal veins

Front 38

38. Extension compression of the IVC by tumors May most likely result in this?

Back 38

Distention of the distal IVC

Front 39

39. Identify the sonographic characteristics of intraluminal tumors

Back 39

Moderately echogenic and will demonstrate flow within the mask on color flow mapping. Small vessels can be seen within the tumor

Front 40

40. Location where IVC filters are typically placed?

Back 40

Below the level of the renal arteries

Front 41

identify a complication seen when a shunt of an IVC filter penetrates the wall of the IVC

Back 41

Hematoma

Front 42

42. Describe the effects of patients fluid status on the cardiac pulsatility in the IVC

Back 42

Fluid overload

Front 43

43. Describe normal flow patterns in the IVC in the upper and lower abdomen

Back 43

Upper = pulsatile

Lower = phasic

Front 44

44. Identify the probable cause of a pulsatile waveform throughout the IVC and into the iliac veins

Back 44

Severe fluid overload

Front 45

45. Explain why IVC filter placement by ultrasound is adventitious

Back 45

Use of duplex ultrasound can move procedure to the bedside, does not require exposure to radiation or intravenous contrast

Front 46

46. Image to be obtained to confirm a proper IVC filter expansion upon completion of ultrasound-guided IVC filter placement

Back 46

Transverse grayscale

Front 47

47. These two characteristics can be observed with a spontaneous aortocaval fistulas

Back 47

Tissue bruit

Pulsatile flow proximal to the fistula