Child Development Test #2

Front 1

Adaptation

Back 1

building schemes through direct interaction with the environment (assimilation and accommodation)

Front 2

Babbling

Back 2

repetition of consonants - vowel combos in long string

Front 3

Colostrum

Back 3

milk produced in breasts during pregnancy

Front 4

Cooing

Back 4

soft murmuring

Front 5

Deferred imitation

Back 5

ability to remember and copy the behavior of models who are not present

Front 6

Echolalia

Back 6

repeating back things that are said

Front 7

Endogenous Smile

Back 7

response to inner stimulation

Front 8

Equilibration

Back 8

balance between assimilation and accommodation

Front 9

Expressive language

Back 9

sounds, gestures or speech used to begin to communicate

Front 10

Holophrases

Back 10

a single word used by infants which has force of a full phrase used by adults

Front 11

Malnutrition

Back 11

bad nutrition - unbalanced diet

Front 12

Manipulative tantrums

Back 12

tantrums used to get something the child wants

Front 13

Motherese

Back 13

sing-song high-pitched speech used when talking with children

Front 14

Primary circular reaction

Back 14

reproduction of an event that initially occurred by chance

Front 15

Receptive language

Back 15

ability to comprehend language

Front 16

Schemes

Back 16

organized way of making sense of experience that changes with age

Front 17

Secondary circular reaction

Back 17

intentionally repeat an action in order to trigger a response in the environment

Front 18

Separation anxiety

Back 18

distressed reaction to the departure of the familiar caregiver

Front 19

Social smile

Back 19

smile evoked by the stimulus of the human face

Front 20

Stranger anxiety

Back 20

expression of fear in response to unfamiliar adults

Front 21

Telegraphic speech

Back 21

two-word phrases that leave out smaller, less important words

Front 22

Temperament

Back 22

stable individual differences in the quality & intensity of emotional reaction, activity level, attention and emotional self-regulation

Front 23

Temperamental tantrum

Back 23

frustration level reaches the rage stage - becomes totally out of control, falling apart emotionally

Front 24

Tertiary circular reactions

Back 24

experiment and explore environment - new methods to meet challenges

Front 25

Undernutrition

Back 25

inadequate food intake

Front 26

Benefits of breastfeeding

Back 26

(+) save money, good nutrition, immunities, emotional connection, convenient, uterus srinks

(-) time consuming, intentional effort to keep dad involved

Front 27

3 main motor skills developed in infancy and toddlerhood

Back 27

1. lifting head & sitting
2. crawling - baby can be mobile, brain development
3. walking/standing/creeping

Front 28

Motherese and baby talk - difference

Back 28

Motherse - sing song high-pitch speech when talking to children - models language usage of language and validates them

Baby-talk - copying words infants use (basghetti)

Front 29

Piaget's cognitive theory - adaptation, assimilation, accommodation

Back 29

adaptation - how brain knows what we know when we receive new info

assimilation: don't need to change schemes, fit in new context with what you already know
accommodation: change our scheme, make new scheme

Front 30

"Failure to thrive" babies (reasons)

Back 30

(not growing)

undernutrition - not enough food
malnutrition - enough food, not right food
non-organic - not having to do with food

Front 31

Attachment: development of, types, outcomes

Back 31

development of: need opportunity, care-giver sensitivity, quality, consistency, characteristics of infant, family circumstances

types: secure - know care-giver will meet their needs - protest -> calm down -> reunion
insecure avoidant - protest -> adjust -> ignore
insecure resistant - protest -> adjust -> cling to, tantrum, arch back
insecure disorganized - no consistency

outcomes: insecure feel world is unsafe, will doubt their abilities, overly dependent on those around you, difficulty establishing intimate relationships

Front 32

3 classifications of temperament

Back 32

easy, difficult, slow to warm-up

Front 33

Components used in determining temperament

Back 33

basic function regularity
intensity and frequency of activity
acceptance of new people and situations
persistence
adaptability
distractability
intensity of stimulation/reaction

Front 34

Impact of daycare on the development of children: (+) and (-)
Social, Language, Emotional

Back 34

Social: (+) opportunity to interact, independent
(-) more aggressive

Language: (+) more opportunities to talk to peers
(-) less 1X1 time with adults

Emotional: (+) enrich lives, more experiences
(-) attachment issues

Front 35

Considerations when looking for a day care provider

Back 35

curriculum
ratio of adult to children
training of staff
safety
licensed facility

Front 36

Erikson's phases: trust/mistrust, autonomy/shame & doubt

Back 36

trust/mistrust: needs consistently met, world safe - if needs not met, world unsafe

autonomy/shame & doubt - do it on their own - if don't think something wrong with them, doubt capabilites

Front 37

Self-awareness of infants and toddlers

Back 37

realize distinct form others -> recognize there are rules -> evaluate themselves -> responsibility

Front 38

Anger in toddlerhood

Back 38

ability to express negative emotions, want to be autonomous

Front 39

Toddler tantrums
why have them? how deal w/them?

Back 39

why? - learned they will get what they want
what to do: ignore, take away from situation, remove them (keep them safe, never negociate)

Front 40

Ways that parenting and the home environment can encourage mental development

Back 40

respect child, accept child, involvement w/child, daily stimulation, play materials, play environment

Front 41

Genie - what did we learn?

Back 41

critical periods - certain skills have to be done within (language)
sensitive periods - time best to learn