Child Development Exam 2

Front 1

Family Planning

Back 1

the practice of controlling the number of children in a family and the intervals between their births, particularly by means of artificial contraception or voluntary sterilization

Front 2

Amnion

Back 2

the innermost membrane that encloses the embryo of a mammal

Front 3

Chorion

Back 3

the outermost membrane surrounding an embryo of a reptile, bird, or mammal. In mammals (including humans), it contributes to the formation of the placenta

Front 4

Placenta

Back 4

a flattened circular organ in the uterus of pregnant eutherian mammals, nourishing and maintaining the fetus through the umbilical cord

Front 5

Umbilical Cord

Back 5

a flexible cordlike structure containing blood vessels and attaching a human or other mammalian fetus to the placenta during gestation

Front 6

Teratogens

Back 6

an agent or factor that causes malformation of an embryo

-•Drugs–Prescription–Nonprescription–Illegal•Tobacco•Alcohol•Radiation•Pollution•Infectiousdisease

Front 7

Teenage Pregnancy

Back 7

is defined as a teenage girl, usually within the ages of 13-19, becoming pregnant. The term in everyday speech usually refers to girls who have not reached legal adulthood, which varies across the world, who become pregnant

Front 8

Prenatal Care

Back 8

is a type of preventive healthcare with the goal of providing regular check-ups that allow doctors or midwives to treat and prevent potential health problems throughout the course of the pregnancy while promoting healthy lifestyles that benefit both mother and child

Front 9

Apgar Scale

Back 9

is a simple assessment of how a baby is doing at birth, which helps determine whether your newborn is ready to meet the world without additional medical assistance. Your practitioner will do this quick evaluation one minute and five minutes after your baby is born

Front 10

Stress hormones

Back 10

__________crosstheplacenta, causing adramatic risein fetal heart rate and activity

Front 11

Maternal emotional stress

Back 11

predictsanxiety, shortattention span,anger, aggression, and overactivity amongyoungchildren

Front 12

Stress-related prenatal complications

Back 12

canbegreatly reducedwhen mothers receive support fromfamily membersand friends

Front 13

Doula

Back 13

a woman who is trained to assist another woman during childbirth and who may provide support to the family after the baby is born

Front 14

Home Delivery

Back 14

delivery at home, happens about 1%

Front 15

Fetal Monitoring

Back 15

a device used to monitor the fetal heartbeat and the strength of the mother's uterine contractions during labor

Front 16

Analgesics

Back 16

medicine that relives pain

Front 17

Anesthetics

Back 17

a substance that induces insensitivity to pain

Front 18

Instrument Delivery

Back 18

•Lowforcepscaninjure the baby’ head and the mother’s tissues.

•Vacuumextractors increase the riskof:

–Bleeding between baby’s skin and skull

–Bleeding beneath the baby’s skull

–Infant seizures

Front 19

Induced Labor

Back 19

is a procedure used to stimulate uterine contractions during pregnancy before labor begins on its own

Front 20

Cesarean Delivery

Back 20

is a surgical procedure in which a fetus is delivered through an incision in the mother's abdomen and uterus

Front 21

Anoxia

Back 21

•Oxygendeprivation at birth•

Canlead to brain damage or later cognitive, language problems–Cerebral palsy

•Causesinclude:–Squeezing of umbilical cord–Placenta abruptio, placenta previa–Failing to breathe after birth

Front 22

Preterm

Back 22

born or occurring after a pregnancy significantly shorter than normal, especially after no more than 37 weeks of pregnancy

Front 23

Small-for-Date

Back 23

•Maybe born at due date or preterm

•Belowexpected weight for length of pregnancy

Front 24

Isolette

Back 24

used for an incubator for premature infants that provides controlled temperature and humidity and an oxygen supply

Front 25

Kangaroo Care

Back 25

a method of caring for premature babies in which the infants are held skin-to-skin with a parent, usually the mother, for as many hours as possible every day

Front 26

Newborn Reflexes

Back 26

are involuntary movements that babies make when a part of their body is stimulated. The main newborn reflexes include: Sucking reflex. A newborn sucks when a nipple or finger is placed in his or her mouth

Front 27

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Back 27

is the unexplained death, usually during sleep, of a seemingly healthy baby less than a year old.

•between1 week and 12months inindustrialized nations.Its occurrencetends to peak between2 and 4months of age,when reflexes decline

Front 28

Infant Mortality

Back 28

the death of children under the age of one year

Front 29

Germinal Period

Back 29

•Weeks1–2 •Implantationof the blastocyst•Developmentof the–Amnion–Chorion–Placenta–Umbilical cord

Front 30

Embryonic Period

Back 30

•Weeks3–8 •Centralnervous system, internalorgans,muscles, and skeleton begin to form.–Heart begins pumping blood.–Liver and spleen begin producing blood cells.–Neurons develop rapidly.

•Externalfeatures also form: eyes, ears, nose, limbs.Testesin male begin producing testosterone

Front 31

Fetal Period

Back 31

•Week9 to the end of pregnancy

Front 32

First trimester

Back 32

–Organs, muscles, and nervous system organize. –External genitals are well-formed.

Front 33

Second trimester:

Back 33

–Mother can feel movements. –Neurons form synapses at a rapid pace. –Sensitivity to sound and light emerges.

Front 34

Thirdtrimester

Back 34

–Fetus reaches age of viability(between22 and 26 weeks).–Rapid gain in neural connectivityand organization continue.–Responsiveness to externalstimulation increases.Extensivebody growth occurs

Front 35

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Back 35

a congenital syndrome caused by excessive consumption of alcohol by the mother during pregnancy, characterized by retardation of mental development and of physical growth, particularly of the skull and face of the infan

Front 36

dilation and effacement of the cervix: contractions of the uterus cause dilation: lasts about 12 hours

Back 36

dilation and effacement of the cervix: contractions of the uterus cause dilation: lasts about 12 hours What happens in Stage 1 of Labor?

Front 37

Pushing-with each contraction, the mother pushes, forcing the baby down the birth canal, and the head appears

Back 37

What happens in Stage 2 of Labor?

Front 38

the placenta is delievered

Back 38

What happens in Stage 3 of Labor?

Front 39

•Quitsmoking and taking drugs.

•Put babiesto sleep on their backs.

•Removesoftbedding.

•Pacifieruse

Back 39

Reducing Incidence of SIDS

Front 40

•Holdon shoulder and rock orwalk

•Swaddle

•Pacifier

•Talkingor rhythmic sounds

•Ride incarriage, car, swing

•Massage

•Combinemethods

Back 40

Ways to Soothe a Crying Baby

Front 41

second trimester- 4 and a half to 5 months

Back 41

When are you first able to find out the sex of a baby?

Front 42

•Financialhardship•Situationalbarriers•Personalbarriers•Manyare reluctant to disclose high-risk behaviors

Back 42

Reasons Women Delay Prenatal Care?

Front 43

Low-SESethnic minoritywomen often reported depersonalizing prenatal care

Back 43

who usually is reported for depersonalizing prenatal care?