Ch 12 - Hematologic Drugs - Pharmacology

Front 1

True/False

Blood clots that form in veins are mainly composed of fibrin and red blood cells.

Back 1

True

Front 2

warfarin

Back 2

generic name for trade name Coumadin

Front 3

True/False

Folic acid is one of the B vitamins

Back 3

True

Front 4

Anticoagulant drugs may be used for

Back 4

arteriosclerosis,

myocardial infarction,

artificial heart valve,

acute coronary syndrome

Front 5

How is low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) administered?

Back 5

Sub Q

(subcutaneous injection)

Front 6

True/False

Patients taking warfarin must monitor their dietary intake of certain types of foods b/c they may cause antagonism or synergism.

Back 6

True

Front 7

How is warfarin (Coumadin) administered?

Back 7

orally or intravenously

Front 8

The liver produces ________ factors ___ through _______.

Back 8

clotting, one (I), thirteen (XIII)

Front 9

Hematologic Drugs

Back 9

Used to treat diseases of the blood.

Drugs include, anticoagulant drugs (heparin and oral anticoagulant) to prevent blood clot formation, thrombolytic drugs to dissolve blood clots that have already formed, drugs to treat anemia, and drugs to treat hemophilia.

Front 10

Anticoagulant drugs

Back 10

are used to prevent a blood clot in patients with arteriosclerosis of the arteries, atrial fibrillation, acute coronary syndrome, unstable angina and myocardial infraction, strokes or who have an artificial heart valve.

Also used to prevent deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism.

Front 11

Anticoagulant drugs

Back 11

inhibit the action of clotting factors in the blood , or inhibit the formation of those clotting factors in the liver that require the presence of vitamin k.

Front 12

warfarin

Back 12

blocks vitamin k and keeps liver from producing clotting factors that are dependent on the presence of vitamin k and also blocks factors II, VII, and X.

measured in mg and given orally or by IV

Front 13

warfarin

Back 13

Coumadin

Front 14

heparin

Back 14

inhibits clotting factor X in the blood, which stops the series of steps needed to form a blood clot.

It is composed of large molecules that are not easily absorbed allowing only 20 to 30 % to actually exert a therapeutic effect.

Measures in units and given sub Q or IV never PO.

Made from cows' and pigs' intestines.

Front 15

Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)

Back 15

were created by breaking apart the heparin molecule and decreasing the size of the molecule.

These smaller molecules mean that almost the entire dose is absorbed and exerts a therapeutic effect.

Inhibits clotting factor X.

Given sub Q, never PO.

Prepared from cows' and pigs' intestines.

Front 16

LMWH/anticoagulant drug

Back 16

Fragmin units subQ

Front 17

LMWH/anticoagulant drug)

Back 17

Lovenox mg subQ

Front 18

heparin

Back 18

heparin (anticoagulant drug)

Front 19

-parin

Back 19

heparin

Front 20

Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor Drugs

Back 20

prevent platelets from adhering to the site of injury or from clumping together to being the formation of a clot.

Some block receptors to prevent platelet from binding to fibrinogen.

Used to prevent blood clots.

Front 21

platelet aggregation inhibitor drugs

Back 21

Bayer Children's Aspirin,

Pletal,

Plavix,

Persantine

Front 22

Thrombolytic Drugs

Back 22

used to (break apart) a blood clot once formed.

Bind to fibrin strands in the clot and then convert plasminogen in the clot to plasmin.

Plasmin (fibrinolysin) is an enzyme that lyses/breaks apart fibrin.

As the fibrin strands break apart, the clot dissolves.

Front 23

Thrombolytic Drugs

Back 23

1st drug to dissolve a clot.

Given at time of myocardial infarction, stroke, or pulmonary embolism to dissolve a blood clot that has already formed in the coronary artery or within arteries to the brain and lung.

Given I.V.

Front 24

Thrombolytic Drugs

Back 24

Activase,

Retavase,

TNKase

Front 25

Patients taking ________________ must monitor their _______ ______ of certain types of _____.

Back 25

warfarin (Coumadin), dietary, intake, foods

Front 26

-ase

Back 26

thrombolytic drugs (means enzyme)

Front 27

thrombin inhibitor drugs

Back 27

inhibit the action of thrombin by binding to receptor sites on both circulating thrombin and thrombin already in a blood clot.

these drugs are used to prevent deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing joint replacement surgery, or to prevent stroke in patients wit atrial fib.

Front 28

thrombin inhibitor drugs

Back 28

Angiomax,

Pradaxa

Front 29

anemia

Back 29

decrease number of red blood cells, erythrocytes, produced by the red bone marrow.

This can be due to small amounts of amino acids, folic acid, iron, or vitamin B12.

Also be caused by diseases, cancer, radiation or chemotherapy, or excessive blood loss.

Front 30

drugs used to treat anemia

Back 30

Anadrol-50

Cyomin,

Epoetin,

Feosol,

Procrit,

Front 31

chemical symbol for iron

Back 31

Fe

Front 32

Cyomin (Hydroxycobalamin)

Back 32

vitamin B drug used to treat pernicious anemia

Front 33

heparin lock

Back 33

provides immediate intravenous access for administering intravenous drugs without needing to have intravenous fluids running continuously

it contains a reservoir of saline or heparin to keep the vein free of clots

Front 34

What happened in 2008 that was a drug controversy involving China?

Back 34

US received bad heparin that caused 350 serious allergic reactions or deaths in a 3 months period.

FDA has an over site by confusing the name of a company that supplied a US company "Baxter" that had been FDA approved with another company that was not approved and US received bad heparin.

Baxter discontinued their heparin product.

Front 35

Most well known antiplatelet drug/platelet aggregation inhibitor drug

Back 35

aspirin

Front 36

combination platelet aggregation inhibitor drug

Back 36

Aggrenox (aspirin, dipyridamole)

Front 37

Hemostatic Drugs

Back 37

contain gelatin, collagen fibers, cellulose, fibrin, or thrombin in a liquid sealand or powder.

Applied topically during surgery to control bleeding.

Front 38

Factor Xa Inhibitor Drugs

Back 38

inhibit the action of factor Xa, a subset of clotting factor X in the blood, used to prevent or treat deep vein thrombosis, or pulmonary embolism, or prevent the risk of a blood clot

Front 39

Factor Xa Inhibitor Drugs

Back 39

Eliquis,

Xarelto

Front 40

antagonism

Back 40

decreases the therapeutic effect of an anticoagulant drug

Front 41

synergism

Back 41

increases the therapeutic effect of an anticoagulant drug

Front 42

name a food that has its own natural anticoagulant effect that increases the therapeutic effect of an anticoagulant drug

Back 42

garlic

Front 43

a drug that decreases blood viscosity (thickness) and increases red blood cell flexibility to improve blood flow in patients with narrowing of the arteries and peripheral artery disease

Back 43

Trental

Front 44

tPA

Back 44

tissue plasminogen activator

Front 45

Heomphilia

Back 45

is an inherited genetic abnormality that causes a deficiency of a specific clotting factor

Front 46

'

Back 46

caused by a lack of clotting factor VIII, and is the most common type.

Front 47

Hemophilia B

Back 47

caused by a lack of factor IX.

Front 48

Hemophilia C

Back 48

caused by a lack of factor XI.

Front 49

Coagulin-B

Back 49

the actual cellular gene that directs the liver to produce clotting factor IX.

Front 50

Factor VIIa, VIII, IX, and XIII

Back 50

actual blood clotting factors in drug form

Front 51

what is another form of treatment for hemophiliac patients?

Back 51

given transfusions of donated whole blood or of just clotting factors derived from donated blood

Front 52

Mephyton

Back 52

vitamin K drug used to treat bleeding disorders in patients whose livers do not make enough factors II, VII, IX, or X.

Front 53

Mephyton

Back 53

used to treat patients who have received an overdose of an anticoagulant drug

Front 54

Mephyton

Back 54

given to all newborns to prevent hemorrhagic disease, newborns are born with less than 60% of the normal level for an adult and are given a one time IM dose of this. Newborns will reach a normal level of vitamin K by the age of 6 weeks.

Front 55

What disease changed the course of history in Russia?

Back 55

hemophilia