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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Particular inheritance |
Propose genes remain intact during fertilization |
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Define character |
Observe physical feature |
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Define traits |
Character |
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Define true breeding |
Involving one type of gene |
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What is parental generation? |
Plants profiting the genes the first generation |
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What is the first filial generatrikn or F1 what is |
Parental mating |
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Define hybrid |
Off spring cross between organism of one or more characters |
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What is second filial generation |
Immediate progeny of mating between members of the first generation |
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What is a mono hybrid cross |
Mating in which parents different with respect to the allies of only one locos of interest |
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Dominant trait |
Ability for allele to form decided phenotype |
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Recessive trait |
Alley does not determine the phenotype |
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Define Allel? |
Specific form of genes st given locus on chromosome |
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Define homozygous? |
Genes has two allel that are the same |
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Define heterozygous? |
Genes that have two different allele |
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Define phenotype |
The physical appearance |
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Define genotype |
The genetic constitution of organism |
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What is law of segregation? |
When individual produce gametes, two copies of genes separate each gamefes receive a color |
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What is a pinned square? |
Describe all possible random combination of gametes when calculating expecting genotype |
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What is a test cross? |
Determining dominant trait is homozygous or heterozygous |
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What is dihybrid cross |
Cross between individual are identical double heterozygous. |
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What is law of independent assortment? |
Allel of different gene assort independently from one another during formations of gametes |
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What is a mutation |
When allel are change to become different allel |
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What is polymorphic |
Population with two or more distinct traits |
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What is incomplete dominance? |
When heterozygous have intermediate phenotype- blend |
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What is codominance? |
Both gene express phenotype |
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What is epistasis? |
Phenotypic express of one gene is affected by another gene |
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Sex linked inheritance |
Genes carried on the sex chromosome |
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What is penetrance? |
Group with genotype and expecting factors. |
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What is the function of DNA |
To control biological function through the production of protein |
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What is recombinant fervency |
Calculate deciding number of progeny over progeny |
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Why is it best when recombinant fervency happens farther apart? |
Because it’s most of crossing over happen when the chromosome are fart apart |
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What is auto stone |
Chromosome other than the sex chromosome |
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What is the sex chromosome |
Determine the gender |
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What is hemizygous |
Genes present as a single copy in a diploid organism. |
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What is the exact phase in meiosis that allele separate. |
Anaphase 1 |
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How would you looks at the phenotype of bacteria? |
Gram staining |
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How many genes can di hubris produce undergo independent assortment |
4 |
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How many chromosome does 2 unlink traits have |
4 |
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How many chromosome does two linked traits carries? |
2 |
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What is parthenogenesis |
How eggs developed without fertilize |
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Does all animal have sex determining chromosome? |
No |
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Define aneuploidy? |
A condition which one or more chromosome or piece of chromosome either lack or present in excess |
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What is polyploidy? |
Possession of more than two entire sets of chromosome |
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Define transcription |
When is DNA is copied in the RNA sequence |
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What is translation? V |
RNA sequence is used to create the amino acid sequence of polypeptide. |
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What is the transcription initial sites |
Where transcription began |
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What is a promoter? |
DNA sequence to which RNA polymers bins initiate transcription. |
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Define RNA polymerase |
An enzyme that catalyze formation of TNA from DNA template |
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What is RNA splicing? |
Where RNA process eukaryotes in Wichita transcription of intros are excited |
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Define transgenic |
When fertilize egg turn into a multi organism |
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Define helical |
Having spiral shape like string |
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What is DNA base paring rule |
A-- T G-- C |
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What is replication? |
When DNA is copied from other DNA by unzipping the helix |
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How is DNA antiparralel |
DNA material are on the other side of the DNA |
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What is Intron |
Gènes contain non coding sequence |
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What are exons? |
The region that are interspeed |
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What are codons |
Sequence of 2 nucleotide together for genetic code in DNA |
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What are start codon |
Initiate signal for translation |
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Stop codons |
Terminal signal for codons |
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What Is the 3 letter start codon |
AUG |
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What is the 3 three letters stop codon |
UAA UAG UGA |
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What is DNA ligase |
Catalyze that firm the band linking the fragment |
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What is the dihibrid cross ratio |
9:3:3:1 |
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What is a monohybrid cross |
Mating which the parent s different in respect to the allele of one locus point |
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What is a dihibrid cross |
Mating in which parent is different respect the the allele of two loci |
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Define heterozygous |
Gènes with two different allele |
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What is the law of segregation |
When individual produce gamètes two copies of genes are separates each gamètes receive one copy |
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What is a pedigree |
Family tree |
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What is polymorphic |
Coexistence of a with population of two or more traits |
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Define wild type |
One allele that present in most individual in nature what they suppose to look like |
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What is two traits cross ratios |
1:1:1:1:2:2:2:2:4 |
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What type of individual does the test cross cross with |
Homologous recessive |
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What is genetic linkage |
Association between genes on the same chromosome do not show independent assortment |
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Antiparallel DNA opposite of each other |
Opposite |
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What is the sea turtle temperature sex determining |
At 82 both male at f ed male |
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What is turner syndrome |
Female has one X chromosome |
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What is kline felted syndrome |
Male have extra x chromosome |
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What are the result of hemizyhous |
Color blind Hemophilia Muscular distrophy |
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What is asexual influence trait |
Baldness |
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What is a sex limited trait? |
Beard development Breaston & milk formation |
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What is okazaki fragment |
They are short to form the double DNA strand |
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What is DNA ligase |
Facilitate joining DNA strand together by catalyze formation |
