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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Blood Pressure |
The pressure exerted within the blood vessels by the blood flowing through them |
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Systolic pressure |
The pressure in the artery during left ventricular contraction |
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Diastolic pressure |
The pressure in the artery during left ventricular relaxation |
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Pulse pressure |
The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure |
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What factors influence arterial blood pressure? |
Stroke volume Heart rate Blood volume Blood viscosity Peripheral resistance |
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CO |
Cardiac output CO = SV×HR |
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How does the body maintain blood pressure within limits? |
By monitoring the cardiac output and peripheral resistance |
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Receptors the monitor blood |
Baroreceptors Chemoreceptors |
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Baroreceptors |
Monitor blood pressure Located in aortic arch and carotid sinus |
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What do the baroreceptors in the aortic arch monitor? |
Systemic blood pressure |
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What do the baroreceptors in the carotid sinus do? |
Monitor blood pressure going to the brain |
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Chemoreceptors |
Monitor blood chemicals (O2, CO2) Located in the aortic arch and carotid sinus |
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Medulla Oblongata |
Inferior part of the brainstem Contains the cardiac center and respiratory center |
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Cardiac center |
Contains: Cardioacceleratory region Cardioinhibitory region |
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Cardioacceleratory region |
Increases heart activity |
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Cardioinhibitory region |
Decreases heart activity |
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Respiratory center |
Controls rate and depth of breathing Located in the medulla oblongata and the pons |
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Vasomotor center |
Regulates blood vessel diameter |
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Homeostasis |
Maintenance of the internal environment of the body |
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Turbulence |
Swirls within blood caused by blood flowing into the jagged edges of plaque buildup in arteriesDecreases blood flow |
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Autoregulation |
Associated with pre capillary sphincters Local tissue response |
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Hormones that regulate blood pressure |
Epinephrine Norepinephrine ADH Erythropoietin Aldosterone Angiotensin II |
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Epinephrine and Norepinephrine |
Hormones that come from the adrenal medulla Increase CO |
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ADH |
Comes from the posterior pituitary gland Increases water reabsorption in the kidneys |
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Erythropoietin |
- Secreted by the kidneys - Increases erythropoiesis, which increases RBC production - Increases o2 levels |
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Aldosterone |
Secreted by the adrenal cortex Released due to a decrease in blood volume Causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the kidneys |
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Angiotensin II |
Released due to low BP Causes: Increased CO Peripheral vasoconstriction Stimulates ADH and aldosterone release Stimulates thirst |
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What effect does an increase in o2 have on blood? |
A decrease in co2 and a drop in pH (blood becomes more alkaline) |
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What is the effect on the blood of a decrease in o2? |
An increase in co2, which leads to an increase in pH |
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Ways the body adjusts o2 levels |
1. Autoregulation 2. Nervous system response 3. Hormonal response |
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