Ap Euro Glossary

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1) Liberty

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human rights and freedoms and the sovereignty of the people

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2) Declaration of the Rights of Man

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(1789) proclaimed the rights of all citizens and guaranteed equality before the law and a representative government.

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3) Equality

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pertained to equality of opportunity and legal equality, not economic equality

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4) Bourgeoisie

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well-educated, prosperous, middle-class groups

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5) Common Sense

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radical ideas of Thomas Paine, expressed in the bestselling book, greatly influenced public opinion in favor of independence

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6) Second Continental

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Congress (1776), further increased the desire of the colonists for independence, passed the Declaration of Independence

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7) Marquis de Lafayette

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served in America and was impressed by the ideals of the Revolution.

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8) Treaty of Parish (1783)

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formally ended the American Revolutionary War between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the United States of America, which had rebelled against British rule starting in 1775.

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9) Classical liberalism

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exemplified by the American Constitution and the Bill of Rights, liberty meant individual freedoms, and political safeguards, equality meant equality before the law, not equality of political participation or wealth.

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10) Estates

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orders, the way in which France’s inhabitants were legally divided

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11) manorial rights

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privileges of lordship that allowed them to tax the peasantry for their own profit.

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12) National Assembly

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had been called in May of 1789 to deal with France's financial crisis, but promptly fell to squabbling over its own structure. Its members had been elected to represent the estates of the realm: the First Estate (the clergy), the Second Estate (the nobility) and the Third Estate (which, in theory, represented all of the commoners and, in practice, represented the bourgeoisie)

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13) The Tennis Court Oath

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was a pivotal event during the French Revolution. The Oath was a pledge signed by 576 members out of 577 of France's Third Estate and a few members of the First Estate during a meeting of the Estates-General of 20 June 1789 in a handball court near the Palace of Versailles

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14) Great Fear

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the fear of vagabonds and outlaws that seized the countryside and fanned the flames of rebellion.

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15) constitutional monarchy

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a monarchy were the king remains head of state but all lawmaking power goes to the hands of another governing body such as the National Assembly.