Pan African Movement Essay

Great Essays
Register to read the introduction… He stated, “The white man of America will not, to any organized extent, assimilate the (black man) because in so doing, he feels that he will be committing suicide.” Thus, Garvey concluded Blacks needed to return to Africa. He sent emissaries to Liberia to negotiate a massive return. Garvey saw Liberia as a bridgehead for the liberation and unification of all of Africa. Garvey believed that independent African nations would not sit ideally by and allow the mistreatment of Blacks in the Caribbean and the United States

Pan-African Conference

July 1900 saw the first phase of the Pan-African movement in London. Presided over by Bishop Alexander Walters, thirty-two delegates attended the conference; representatives from the United States, Canada, Sierra Leone, Haiti, Liberia, Ghana, and West Indies were in attendance however it was noted that in general Africa had a poor showing. The key aims of the first conference were:

To bring into closer touch with one another the peoples of African descent throughout the world

T o inaugurate plans to bring about a more friendly relationship between Caucasian and African
…show more content…
For the first time the congress did not ask for recognition or favors from European powers. They unequivocally demanded an end to colonialism in Africa, in addition to demands for social justice and rights. All schemes of half freedom were rejected. The Manchester Congress gave an impetuous to the goal of achieving national independence. The next conference was in Ghana, this was a Pan African milestone as it was the first to be held in Ghana in 1958, they had a lot to discuss as major moments had accrued since Manchester 194, Algerian revolution and Ghana independence to name a …show more content…
Their experiences prove that in spite of some common understanding about its essence, Pan-Africanism has over the course of its existence signified a variety of ideas with different political and social connotations for different groups of blacks. There remains much work to be done. However pan Africanism has an enduring appeal. The fact is that throughout history whenever people of African descent have united they have become stronger, more intelligent, freer, and more prosperous than when they go it alone. United we have always been more secure from internal and external threats of all kinds and our material fortunes advance toward prosperity and beyond rather than just surviving by the skin of our teeth. The African Diaspora needs to continue to use vehicles such as the Pan-African Congress and OAU to continually discuss, highlight and solve problems related to the Africandiaspora if we as a people are going to gravitate forward to the heights we aspire

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    William Edward Burghardt Du Bois was an extremely influential African-American leader during the late 19th century. In 1909, he created the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People based on the principles of “education for blacks and equality”. Du bois believed that being educated about the issues of the black race would cease the mistreatment of its people. Both, Marcus Garvey and W.E.B Du Bois men advocated for Pan-Africanism, were activists for the rights of African-Americans, and believed that “the genuine issue in the world [was] white domination”, W.E.B Du Bois’s philosophy of Pan-Africanism differed from Marcus Garvey’s to a great extent. To elaborate, W.E.B Du Bois believed that Pan-Africanism “must become a part…

    • 997 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    European nations desperately wanted a claim of the copious amounts of raw materials found in Africa, regardless of the native population that called these lands their home. Many European nations had invaded and conquered parts of Africa in the early nineteenth century. Addressing concerns from many countries, the Berlin Conference was held in 1884-1885 to lay down rules for the annexation of Africa. The verdict of this meeting: if you could control the land that you lay claim to, the other European nations would be forced to recognize it as occupied territory(found in the textbook). The problem with controlling this territory, is that it was being ferociously defended by the native population.…

    • 727 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Between the early 1900’s up until present day, African immigrants ventured into the U.S. as refugees, students, merchants and so many other categories. Africans were filled with optimism, and maintained hope for an opportunity, that often weren’t afforded to them within their native countries. Several Africans were here to take advantage of American capitalistic culture, and achieve financial success through knowledge of trade and networking. However, even with capitalistic gain, or being afforded advantages that their native countries lacked, they were still subjected to several structural policies implemented within the U.S. However, it is because of their own personal heritage, that they are capable of navigate within the racial and intraracial structure, that exist with the United States.…

    • 911 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Appiah states that African Americans “do not have a single culture in the sense of shared language, values, practices, and meanings” (Appiah, 52). As the African race has become more dispersed over time, African Americans…

    • 1391 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Marcus Garvey was a Jamaican man of an idiosyncratic nature. He was fervent in his role of African-American advocacy, and earned his title as “easily the most controversial figure associated with Harlem in the 1920s” (Gates and Smith 984). This controversial connotation stems not only from his distinctive opinions regarding Pan-Africanism, but also from how he presented his justifications, especially in writing. In his works, Garvey employs several rhetorical strategies which function successfully to support his main argument for African-American colonization in Africa. However, some of his techniques also threaten to undermine his overall political platform.…

    • 1192 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Throughout United States history, slavery, discriminatory laws, and overt institutional racism have forced African Americans to seek alternatives that would empower them to fulfill their highest potential. As a result, the Black Nationalist ideology emerged as a response to the economic exploitation and political abandonment endured by the people of African descent throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Though Black Nationalism developed in the United States it is not a unique phenomenon. In every part of the world, the belief that a people who share a common history, culture, and heritage should determine their own fate has pushed for a united racial consciousness as a way to catalyze and organize for social change. The leading…

    • 1782 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    This ideology and movement challenges the struggles against slavery, colonialism, and racism. In addition to these struggles, Pan-Africanism worked against the inferiority complex of many black people. In “Introduction” to Philosophy and Opinion of Marcus Garvey Hollis R. Lynch states, “Black slavery, ingrained racial prejudice against blacks, the reputed backwardness of Africa, and, after its partition by European powers, the necessity to ride Africa of colonial rule and exploitation, all provided stimulus for the pan-African idea and action” (Lynch 2016, 79). That is to say Pan-Africanism was necessary to combat colonialism and racial prejudice against blacks. Furthermore, the ideals of Pan-Africanism emerged in response to the negativity derived throughout Africa in the past.…

    • 1295 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    American life during the 1800s and early 1900s had an abundance of social, political, and economic issues. Progressive and populist reformers worked to improve such complications, which can be seen during the Progressive Movement. The Progressive Movement’s success can be recognized through issues such as meat packing, women’s rights, and workers safety. Meat packing was a major issue during this time period. The factories where the meat was processed was extremely unsanitary and had unfit working conditions.…

    • 602 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Social activist, Marcus Garvey in his essay, “The Future as I See It,” explains how it is essential for the African American race to overcome their struggles to advance in society. He develop his claim by encouraging the African American race. Garvey states, “We are organized for the absolute purpose of bettering our condition, industrially, commercially, socially, religiously, and politically. We are not organized to hate other men, but to lift ourselves, and to demand respect to all humanity” (Garvey 989). Garvey’s purpose was to improve the black race altogether.…

    • 455 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Colonialism helped to destruct and de-civilize the continent of Africa while also serving as the basis for African-Americans to establish themselves in “uniquely and innovative ways” (Gomez 184). Although Colonialism was used to “civilize” the continent of Africa, it was the harsh effects that transformed the African Americans into using the ideologies of art in the Harlem Renaissance. Because “black people have always maintained a dynamic and vibrant life of the mind”, Colonialism help serve as a challenge to overcome for greater success and implant significant expressions through powerful movements like the Harlem Renaissance (Gomez 184). Colonization is the idea of "thingification" or the process of turning the colonizer into a thing by denying him his humanity as "the colonizer sees the other man as an animal, treats him like an animal and transforms himself into…

    • 1171 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Furthermore, people of color who reject Africa are also rejecting themselves without realizing it due to the fact that generations of ancestors commenced in Africa. From education, minorities will learn that majority of the African American experience and culture progressed outside of American society. Researching African history will give an individual a deeper understanding of the many milestones that occurred in previous time. For minorities, it will be essential to know how diverse societies have added to society along with the relationship between past and present. History will indicate how various African Americans have contributed throughout the years in different ways, including the commitments that may go…

    • 1115 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Garvey expressed to supporters, black people had to unite and their roots came from something greater, it was time for a revolution. He held his UNIA meeting at big cities and small towns and his association businesses employed thousands of people in Harlem. W.E.B Du Bois before did supported Garvey ideas until he became suspicious of his motives. He called Marcus Garvey the most dangerous enemy of the Negro race, especially because he met with the white American power Ku Klux Klan movement because he believed they were the face of the American government. He met with the Ku Klux Klan to discuss their similar ideas of separatism, and support each other ideas of white America for white people and Black Africa for black people.…

    • 1477 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Due its prevalent nature, freedom, in general, cannot be placed in a particular category or as an idea. Rather, it has been the focus of insistent conflict in American history. The history of American freedom is an anecdote of deliberations, disagreements, and struggles rather than a set of an everlasting continuum or an evolutionary narrative toward a predetermined goal. The ideal meaning of freedom is an impacted privilege at all levels of society.…

    • 909 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    All of the American Colonization Society’s activities ended.3 Although the American Colonization Society were viewed as racist men covering their acts with religion, we see that the members of the American Colonization Society have justified their beliefs with giving the free African Americans actual freedom to chose to emigrate to Liberia and start a colony their or stay in America and keep their…

    • 1702 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    ADW 111 PROF. HALEY Critical Essay Original Title Toni Spencer tspence9@scmail.spelman.edu November 7, 2017 The African diaspora is made up of individuals that share the common ancestry of African descent. According to Professor Tiffany Ruby Patterson and Dr. Robin D.G. Kelley, the african diaspora is the “experiences of african peoples dispersed by the slave trade and [it is] also an analytic term that enabled scholars to talk about black communities across national boundaries. Much of this scholarship examined the dispersal of people of African descent, their role in transformation and creation of new cultures, institutions and ideas outside of Africa” (par. 5).…

    • 1117 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays