Sputnik 1

level increases; causing the beta cells in the pancreas to produce insulin. In type 1 diabetes, the beta cells are destroyed, and are unable to produce insulin to bring down the blood sugar levels. Therefore, these patients will be prescribed supplemental insulin. Type 1 diabetes has two subgroups; type 1A immune mediated diabetes and type 1B idiopathic diabetes. Type 1A is the most common form for diabetes type 1; which results from the autoimmune system attacking the beta cells of the…

pNETs are divided into functional versus non-functional tumors with about 90% being classified as non-functional. Commonly, tumors are defined as non-functional if the patient does not suffer from symptoms due to hormone hyper-secretion, even if hormone levels are elevated on laboratory evaluation. Most non-functional pNETs present with symptoms due to mass effect, such as jaundice, weight loss, abdominal pain, palpable mass, nausea/emesis, pancreatitis, or back pain, and mimic the presentation…

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD, is a term that covers several conditions. All of the conditions consist of blockage of air to and from the lungs and cause difficulty breathing. Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and some types of asthma are the disease which fall under the COPD category. Figures from the World Health Organization say up to 50- 60 million people are diagnosed worldwide with COPD. This number is actually very low because a substantial number got undiagnosed. For…

body that disabled the production of insulin – a hormone produced by pancreas, allowing your body to use or store energy for future consumption. The highest case of diabetes as of state basis is in West Virginia with 15% of its population has type 1 diabetes. For all of us who didn’t know, diabetes is standing at 7th place as one of the primary cause of death (aside from cancer) in the United States and can cost billions of dollars for medical treatment each year. There a lot of food…

1. What are proinsulin and insulin? How different is proinsulin from insulin? A: Insulin is a polypeptide hormone, protein, that is produced by the beta-cells of the pancreas. Proinsulin is a single peptide chain that is a precursor to insulin. It is produced by the beta-cells of the pancreas as well. The structure of proinsulin differs from insulin in that it contains a C-chain that forms a single peptide chain with other chains A and B. Insulin does not contain the C-chain and the A and B…

The scenario that has been chosen here is scenario 1, Anne Baptiste with type 2 diabetes. For type 2 diabetes the pancreas produces insulin, but the body’s insulin receptors cannot respond accordingly, therefore blood glucose levels remain high after food as glucose in unable to enter most tissue cells. The signs and symptoms that people with type 2 diabetes could experience could include yeast infections, lower extremity paresthesias, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, blurred vision, fatigue,…

Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) is a condition of the blood vessels that supply the legs and feet. It leads to narrowing and hardening of the arteries. This causes decreased blood flow, which can injure nerves and other tissues. Diabetes is a leading cause of PVD, as well as other factors such as smoking, high cholesterol, hypertension, and diet and weight. Too much glucose in your blood from diabetes can cause nerve damage and poor blood flow, which can lead to serious foot problems. Nerve…

Diabetes is a condition caused by too much of glucose in the blood. In this condition, either body does not produce insulin or cells do not respond properly to the insulin that produced by the pancreas. Nearly 347 million people worldwide have diabetes, and the number is still growing. Studies proved that people with insufficient blood glucose control seem to develop oral disease more often than people who have good control over their diabetes. Uncontrolled diabetes can put a person under a…

the topic selected the following research questions and hypotheses have been derived. 1. Is structured teaching effective on improving the competency level of self-insulin injection among DM2Type 2 diabetes patients, based on their knowledge and skill? H_0 1: The structured teaching is effective on improving the competency level of self-insulin injection among DM2 patients based on their knowledge and skill. H_1 1: The structured teaching is not effective on improving the competency…

1. Introduction Indigenous Australians suffer significant disadvantages in life expectancy, health and welfare status in comparison to non- indigenous Australians with chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular, liver and respiratory diseases contributing significantly to this disparity. Complex interrelated factors such as high-risk behaviours, limitations in access to health services, cultural and historic beliefs and influences on the management of these conditions have a significant…