Philosophy of law

History and Philosophy: Final Paper INTRODUCTION In the beginning, man had thoughts. He had a view of the world and he had God to walk alongside him and shape his ideas. However, there would come a time where God would no longer come down to speak directly to man and his heart. Looking through history, one can observe that men began to have new and different ideas from what God had originally intended. Man began to try to make sense of the world, of his feelings, and of God. Philosophy was…

of his conception of the moral law is the question of how virtue and happiness relate. In his Critique of Pure Reason, Kant describes the immortality of the soul and the ontology of a supreme being as being fundamentally unknowable through theoretical human reason, neither able to proved or disproved. However, his thesis in The Critique of Practical Reason asserts the human ability to know the realm of the noumenal through the logical consequences of the moral law, virtue, and happiness. While a…

1. Discuss the philosophies of Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibnitz. How did they affect the Baroque era? Are there parts of their philosophies you agree with or disagree with? What are they? Why? The philosophy of Descartes was, “I think, therefore I am” and that God created us then left us alone. Spinoza believed that everything has a purpose and that “God and Nature” were the same. He explained that Freedom is the choice to say “Yes”, and understand why the results happen. Leibniz…

first formulation of the Categorical Imperative is that of universalizability. When someone acts, it is according to some rule, or maxim. For Kant, an act is only permissible if one is willing for the maxim that allows the action to be a universal law by which everyone acts. Maxims fail this test if they produce either a contradiction in conception or a contradiction in the will when universalized. Kant believes that all moral judgments must be universalizable. That is, if we say that an act…

In the second chapter of Groundwork For the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant aims to move from the popular moral philosophy in order to establish a metaphysics of morals. Kant 's main opponents in this chapter are the philosophers of self-love. These philosophers argue that everyone is motivated by their rational self-interest. This viewpoint is dangerous to Kant; both supposedly moral acts and immoral acts come from the same source and are therefore indistinguishable. This viewpoint is also…

Moral rightness, or ethics is a branch of philosophy that studies and determines what is right and what is wrong. Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that studies reality in the universe. The question of whether or not an act has to be universally right entails the knowledge of both studies, and in order to answer it you must know the difference…

Immanuel Kant was a German philosopher whose work had a lot of influence in the European modern philosophy as well as in the universal philosophy. Nowadays, Kant is considered one of the greatest philosophers that ever existed. His contributions to metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and aesthetics gave philosophy a new shift. One of his most interesting ideas I learned, which make him one of the most important philosophers in the 21st century, is the importance of the relationship that exists in…

important aspect is the way he links the social aspect of society with philosophy. He speaks of the importance of human narrative and looking at history for a true understanding of a philosophy. This emphasis on understanding the culture, circumstances, and context of each philosophy makes it so philosophers, such as Aristotle and Kant, are independent of their societal customs and laws. This supports the idea that the philosophy of virtue has evolved over time for MacIntyre recognizes that…

this rational morality, what he means by the invocation of the categorical imperative, duty, and the moral law (note that henceforth all important conceptual terms will be capitalized for clarity). I intend to make the case that Kant’s moral philosophy, while not without flaws, largely succeeds in making a rational articulation of morality. Kant begins with a broad categorisation of philosophy (here taken to mean the pursuit of all knowledge rather than the modern sense of the term) into two…

in major competitions. By failing to win an Olympic medal or carry off the Greek equivalent of the Nobel Prize, he was forced to become a statesman, or politician, but failed to pursue that further. As a last resort, he decided to try his hand in philosophy and…